- Year of approval: 1975
- Appointment: for fresh consumption, for fermentation, for all types of processing, for canning
- Leaf rosette: semi-spreading
- Leaf size: medium size
- Leaf color: gray-green
- Sheet surface: wrinkled
- Internal stump: short
- Weight, kg: 2,4-3,4
- Taste qualities: excellent
- Yield: high
Today you can find a wide variety of varieties and hybrids of white cabbage. However, there are varieties that have been tested for more than one decade. Cabbage Nadezhda refers to just such a vegetable. A truly productive and hardy variety, with high taste qualities, which has been in great demand among vegetable growers for almost half a century.
Breeding history
The variety was approved for cultivation almost throughout the country in 1975. Created by domestic breeders on the basis of the West Siberian Experimental Station, by crossing white-headed varieties of Slava Enkgoisen and Plotnokacannaya.
Description of the variety
Among the advantages, vegetable growers note:
- unpretentious care;
- frost resistance;
- high immunity to most infections;
- stable and high yields;
- the possibility of seedless cultivation;
- excellent taste;
- universal purpose in cooking;
- no tendency to premature flowering and head cracking in hot weather
- good transportability.
Unfortunately, the variety is not without its drawbacks:
- short shelf life, no more than 3 months;
- with a lack of moisture, dryness of the leaves prevails.
Characteristics of the appearance of the plant and heads of cabbage
Semi-spreading leaf rosette. Medium-sized showerheads are rounded, with a wrinkled surface and wavy edges. The foliage has a rich gray-green color and a pronounced waxy bloom.
Heads of cabbage have a round or round-flat shape of medium size. The cabbage head itself is quite dense with pale green leaves well adjacent to each other. The cut of the variety is white, with a short stump. On average, the weight of one head of cabbage is 2.4-3.4 kg.
Purpose and taste
Taste qualities are assessed as high, with a sweetish aftertaste, without bitterness. Despite the fact that the head of the cabbage is quite dense, the texture is juicy and tender, and it retains this property for a long time.
The culture is intended for fresh consumption; very tasty salads are prepared from it. The fermentation season starts with this variety, the cabbage turns out to be juicy and crispy.
Ripening terms
A mid-season variety, 120-145 days pass from the period of seed germination to the technical maturity of the heads. The harvest time is in September. Such a short growing season makes it possible to grow a plant in the middle lane directly by sowing seeds in open ground. Ripening is gradual.
Yield
High-yielding variety. On average, 696-1128 centners per hectare or 6-11 kg per 1 sq. m. vegetable. With proper agricultural technology, the yield can be increased to 15 kg.
Growing regions
Culture is appreciated in regions with a harsh climate, especially in the Urals, Siberia, and the Far East. The variety is no less popular in the North-West, Central, Volgo-Vyatka, TsChO, Middle Volga, Lower Volga regions.
Growing and care
When planting Nadezhda, one feature must be taken into account: in areas with a cold climate, the culture is mainly grown exclusively in seedlings. In regions with a temperate climate, seeds can be sown immediately in open ground, but subject to the creation of warm beds. Sowing seeds directly into the soil makes it possible to shorten the growing season by almost 3 weeks. In addition, such cabbage practically does not get sick.
Sowing seeds for seedlings begins in early April. The planting material is first soaked for several hours in a weak solution of potassium permanganate for disinfection, then thoroughly washed. For better germination, seeds can be treated with a development stimulating agent. Finally, the seeds are left for a day in a damp cloth in the refrigerator for hardening.
For good development of seedlings, you should choose a nutritious soil rich in humus. Seeds are planted to a shallow depth, no more than 1 cm. A favorable temperature for germination is + 15 ... 17 degrees. With the emergence of seedlings, the indicators are reduced to + 12 ... 15 degrees during the day and + 8 ... 10 at night. As soon as several full-fledged leaves are formed on the seedlings, they begin to pick into separate cups. After the procedure, it is imperative to feed the plants with complex mineral fertilizers and start hardening for several weeks.
Cabbage is planted in open ground in mid-May, from May 15-25. The timing largely depends on the climatic conditions of the region. It is noteworthy that the seedlings are able to withstand spring frosts up to 5 degrees.
A place for culture has been prepared since autumn. The site is carefully dug up, weeds are removed, organic and mineral fertilizers are applied. A few weeks before planting the seedlings in a permanent place, the earth is dug up again. For good development, Nadezhda cabbage needs a lot of sun. When planting seedlings in open ground, they adhere to a 60x40 cm scheme so that the plants do not interfere with each other in development and do not compete for moisture and nutrients.
Hope is very important to water regularly, especially during the heading season. However, one should focus on the amount of precipitation. If there are few of them, the vegetable is watered every 3 days. When dry weather sets in, irrigation is carried out in the form of sprinkling.
Even though the variety is drought-resistant, cabbage does not tolerate dry air and very high temperatures. After the heads of cabbage begin to form, watering is carried out only at the root, in order to avoid their possible cracking. A few weeks before the start of the harvest, irrigation is stopped completely.
Loosening of the land is carried out every time after irrigation. The hilling of the bushes is carried out simultaneously with watering. The first is 2 weeks after planting seedlings in open ground. Subsequent - every 2-3 weeks.
Top dressing is applied according to the standard scheme. After planting in a permanent place, nitrogen is introduced for better rooting and development of green mass. With the beginning of the setting of heads of cabbage, they begin to apply complex mineral fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) or organic matter (rotted cow dung or chicken droppings diluted with water).
To grow a rich cabbage crop, you need to know when and how to plant this crop outdoors. Planting dates are determined depending on the variety. It is also necessary to properly prepare the soil and follow the rules of crop rotation.
Soil requirements
It prefers to grow on loamy or slightly loamy soils with a slightly acidic or neutral acidity level. The pH level of the soil must be constantly monitored, since the variety can be affected by such a dangerous fungal disease as keela, which can develop due to excessive acidification of the soil. In this case, the soil is enriched with lime.
When growing cabbage, you need to adhere to the crop rotation. The landing site is changed every year. Also, the plant is not planted for 3-4 years after other cruciferous crops due to the same pathogens.
Cabbage requires particularly careful care when growing. The plant quickly absorbs nutrients, so the soil needs to be enriched regularly. Adequate amounts of minerals, organics and nitrogen must be provided. Some products can be purchased at the store, while others are easy to make at home.
Disease and pest resistance
Hope has strong immunity to most diseases and pests. Do not neglect preventive measures in the fight against diseases. Due to improper agricultural technology, diseases such as keela or mucous bacteriosis can develop on plants. Both diseases are provoked by excessive soil moisture.
Cabbage is a very popular horticultural crop. But growing a good, large and tasty cabbage is sometimes very difficult, because it is often affected by a huge number of diseases and pests. The main role in the cultivation of this vegetable is played by regular prevention, which helps to get a rich harvest, and prevent the occurrence of diseases and the invasion of harmful insects. It is very important to start treatment as early as possible, otherwise there is a risk of spreading the infection to unaffected plants.
