Tips for the selection and operation of engines for a walk-behind tractor

Motoblocks are nowadays necessary in all spheres of economic activity. Such machines are especially actively demanded by farmers, since they can replace several types of different equipment at once.

Such units are distinguished by good power, economy and high performance. Often, a walk-behind tractor is confused with a cultivator, but it is more versatile and productive. It can be used for mowing grass, transporting goods, cleaning snow, harvesting potatoes and beets, and so on.

The motor or engine for the walk-behind tractor is the main unit. All agricultural work is done in our time with the help of small and large mechanization, manual labor is unproductive.

Gasoline engines are very popular, their advantage is as follows:

• reliability;
• low cost;
• easy to repair and set up;
• not as noisy as diesel units.

The first units are of excellent quality and reliability, but prices are usually above average. Chinese engines are inexpensive, but reliable enough, although their quality sometimes leaves much to be desired. The most popular engines from the Land of the Rising Sun are Honda and Subaru. Of the Chinese engines, Dinking, Lifan and Lianlong have proven themselves best.

Engines of this corporation, designed for motoblocks, are in demand on all five continents. Units with a volume of 12.5 to 25.2 cm³ are sold in millions of pieces annually (4 million per year). Such engines have low power (7 HP)

Most often in the Russian market you can find such series as:

• GX - engines for general needs;
• GP - household engines;
• GC - universal power plants;
• IGX - complex motors equipped with electronic units; they are capable of solving complex problems, including the processing of "heavy" soils.

The engines are compact, robust, lightweight and suitable for agricultural machinery of a wide variety of formats. They are usually air-cooled, have a vertical shaft layout (sometimes horizontal) and are often supplied with a gearbox.

The engines are installed on devices such as:

• motor pumps;
• generators;
• walk-behind tractors;
• lawn mowers.

The engines of this company are made at the level of world quality standards. In total, there are three types of four-stroke power units from this manufacturer, namely:

• EY;
• EH;
• EX.

The first two types are similar, differ only in the valve arrangement.

Very good motors, because they are not inferior in quality to Japanese ones. They are compact and reliable. The company from the Middle Kingdom is actively expanding its product line. Due to their low value and good quality, the engines are in high demand.

Usually Dinking are four-stroke units that have good power and low gas consumption. The system has a complex of reliable filters, air cooling, which allows it to work for a long time without preventive maintenance. Variations in power - from 5.6 to 11.1 liters. with.

Another engine from the Middle Kingdom, which is in good demand in Russia. This corporation is developing progressively, actively introducing various innovations.All motors are four-stroke with a two-valve drive (four-valve models are rare). All cooling systems on the units are air-cooled.

Engines can be started manually or with a starter. Power plant power ranges from 2 to 14 horsepower.

This is another manufacturer from China. All products comply with the standards adopted in the European Union. The enterprise also actively works for the Chinese defense industry, therefore it has modern technologies. Buying engines from Lianlong is the right decision, because they are reliable. Many models were designed with the participation of Japanese specialists.

Attention should be paid to the following distinctive qualities:

• fuel containers are well sealed;
• cast iron frame increases engine resource;

• carburetor adjustment is convenient;
• the unit is distinguished by the simplicity of the device, while the price is in the middle segment.

This is a company from the States that has proven itself well. The units are trouble-free, they work for a long time without preventive maintenance. The I / C series is especially famous. The motors are distinguished by low fuel consumption, good performance, they can be found on almost any garden equipment.

These motors are popular among owners of large agricultural land. The equipment operating on such power plants belongs to the professional class, meets all international standards, while the noise background and vibration level during operation are minimal.

Any engine of a walk-behind tractor consists of elements such as:

• engine;
• transmission;
• running block;
• control;
• mute button.

The power plant is a gasoline internal combustion engine.

As an example, consider the structure of a Honda engine.

It consists of the following components:

• filters for fuel cleaning;
• crankshaft;
• air filter;
• ignition block;
• cylinder;
• valve;
• crankshaft bearing.

The fuel supply unit forms the combustible mixture necessary for operation, and the oil unit ensures normal friction of the parts. The engine starting mechanism makes it possible to spin the crankshaft. Often, engines are equipped with a special device that makes it easier to start them. Larger motoblocks are often equipped with additional electric starters... And there are also models that start in manual mode.

The cooling system makes it possible to remove excess heat from the cylinder block using the air flow, which is forced by the impeller from the flywheel attached to the crankshaft. The reliable ignition system ensures good sparking, which is done by the operation of the flywheel, which has a magnetic block that generates electrical impulses in the magneto EMF. Thus, electrical signals are generated that enter the candle using an electronic system. A spark is generated between the contacts and ignites the fuel mixture.

The ignition unit contains such blocks as:

• magneto;
• bolt;
• magnetic assembly;
• ignition block;
• fan;
• starter lever;
• protective covers;
• cylinders;
• flywheel.

The unit, which is responsible for the preparation of the gas combustible mixture, supplies fuel to the combustion chamber in a timely manner, and also ensures the release of exhaust gas.

The engine also includes a muffler. With its help, waste gases are utilized with minimal noise effect. Spare parts for engines for motoblocks are present on the market in large quantities. They are inexpensive, so you can always find something suitable.

The importance of the engine is difficult to underestimate. The highest quality power units are produced by the following companies:

• GreenField;
• Subaru;
• Honda;
• Forza;
• Briggs & Stratton.

In Russia, four-stroke gasoline two-cylinder units of the Lifan company from China are very popular. Mostly four-stroke models are produced, as they are more productive and reliable than their two-stroke counterparts.... They often come with an electric starter, splined shaft and water-cooled.

The gearbox and clutch block is the main part of the engine. The clutch can be single-disc or multi-disc. They are more reliable in operation than belt transmission. A gearbox driven by gears must be made of durable material (cast iron or steel). Aluminum gearbox breaks down quickly... The disadvantage of the worm assembly is that it heats up quickly, the operating time of the motor in such cases does not exceed half an hour.

In Russia, not only Japanese, Italian or American motoblocks are popular. Domestic models are also very popular. Russian models are often equipped with Honda, Iron Angel or Yamaha engines.

It is worth paying attention to several rather popular models.

• The Honda engine performed well, which is placed on "Agat" walk-behind tractors with a cultivated surface width of 32 cm. The engine is equipped with an internal combustion engine. Its volume is 205 cubic meters. cm, only 300 grams of fuel are consumed per hour. The capacity of the tank is 3.5 liters, which is enough for 6 hours of continuous operation. The engine has a gearbox (6 gears).
• Popular engines from Chongqing Shineray Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd from China. They are installed on Aurora walk-behind tractors that run on gasoline, while the power varies from 6 to 15 horsepower. The engine is made by analogy with the Honda variant of the GX460 series, as well as Yamaha. The mechanism differs in reliability and unpretentiousness in operation. The company produces more than a million copies of such units annually.

Modern engine models perform several functions. The power take-off shaft is very important, since it is made in such a way that it transfers part of the useful impulse to the attached equipment.

To choose the right mechanism, you should know some criteria, in particular:

• engine power;
• unit weight.

Before buying equipment, you should understand: how much work the power plant will perform. If the main job is plowing the soil, then the density of the soil should be taken into account. With an increase in soil density, the power required to process it increases in direct proportion.

The diesel engine is more suitable for processing "heavy" soils... Such a mechanism has more power and resource than a unit that runs on gasoline. If the land plot has less than 1 hectare, then a unit with a capacity of 10 liters will be needed. with.

The following tips for engine operation should be adhered to:

• before starting work, you should always warm up the engine at low speed for about 10 minutes;
• a new unit must necessarily be run-in, that is, run for several days with a minimum load (no more than 50% of the design);
• if the engine is lubricated on time, then it will work for a long time without any complaints.

Chinese motoblocks are the most popular; European and American engines are often installed on them. In terms of quality and price, these devices are quite competitive.

Before purchasing a Chinese model, you should study its performance characteristics well... Chinese motoblocks do not differ much from European power plants.

The duration of the engine's operation depends on its power. The powerful propulsion system can carry loads better, which means it lasts longer.

The gasoline engine has such advantages as:

• economical fuel consumption;
• better grip due to the large mass;
• more reliable unit.

Motoblocks can be equipped with a two-stroke engine, which has such advantages as:

• good power;
• minimum weight;
• compact size.

Consider: what materials are used in the rotor and stator.

A winding made of copper has less resistance, so it does not heat up as intensely as a winding made of aluminum. Copper windings are more reliable and last longer, have better resistance to changes in humidity and temperature... Copper also has a higher strength factor.

For information on how to choose the right engine for a walk-behind tractor, see the next video.