Cherry Tyutchevka

Among the fruit trees and shrubs, which are the most widespread in our country, cherries occupy a special position. Delicious, juicy fruits are in great demand. Cherry of the Tyutchevka variety ripens late, but it grows well not only in the south, but also in the regions of the middle zone. It is not surprising that this variety is in great demand by gardeners of all levels. Fruit taste, excellent yield and good climate resistance speak in favor of Tyutchevka.

The Lupin Research Institute, which specializes in fruit and berry plants, was engaged in the development of this variety. To achieve the perfect result, breeders have combined varieties 3/36 and Red Dense Cherry. As a result, a new variety entered the State Register during the 2000s. Breeders position it as a variety intended for the central regions. But in other areas it grows quite well. Although the best yield level and ripening times are indicated specifically for the central strip.

The tree of this variety is quite compact, while vigorous. The visual characteristics are as follows:

• the height of an adult tree varies from 4 to 4.5 m, harvesting is not difficult;

• the crown is of a spreading type, round in shape, does not thicken especially;

• shoots are short, powerful, brown bark, light shade;

• cone-shaped kidneys with sharp ends;

• foliage is oval, boat-like, sharp at the tip;

• the edges of the sheet are serrated,

• the plates are attached to the petioles rather firmly;

• on the surface, the sheet has a glossy structure, the color is green, closer to dark;

• inflorescences are formed on branches of a bouquet type, 4 pieces each;

• the color is snow-white, the corolla is round.

Among the positive qualities of this variety are:

• plentiful regular harvest;

• visual aesthetics of fruits, their taste;

• good transportable properties;

• frost resistance;

• excellent immunity to fungal infections.

But there are also disadvantages, albeit not too significant:

• partial type of self-fertility;

• may crack during the rainy season.

The berries of this variety are quite decent in size, they can be on average 5 grams, the maximum size is 7.5 grams. They are usually 2.3 cm in diameter. The shape is round, wide, the color is very saturated, dark red. Dots under the skin can be discerned. There is a funnel of medium severity. The pulp is juicy, has a pleasant texture, the color is very bright, red. Powerful stalks, on which the fruits are attached, are rather short. The fruits are very juicy, inside there are oval seeds of small size and weight. Separating a bone can be tricky.

The berries of this variety have a very high tasting score, out of the maximum possible 5 points they were given 4.9. The composition contains dry-type substances, sugar, ascorbic acid. They taste very sweet, without sour impurities.They are collected, stored and transported perfectly, and over long distances.

The buds do not appear at all early, and the ripening period varies from late July to early August. The first full harvest is taken from a four-year-old tree.

The yield of this variety is high, it is harvested on average from a tree up to 16 kg of fruits. The maximum amount can reach 40 kg, these figures are achievable for about 10 years of the tree's life. The average lifespan and regular fruiting of this cherry variety is 20 years.

Self-fertility of this variety is partial, closer to low, only 6% of the fruits are tied independently. Thus, it is important to provide additional pollinator varieties on the site, with a flowering period in May. The optimal varieties of cherries for these purposes:

• Iput;

• Raditsa;

• Jealous;

• Bryansk pink;

• Ovstuzhenka.

In order for the tree to develop well, it is necessary to carefully choose the seedlings, correctly plant the plant and provide it with full care. There are a number of agronomic measures that are required.

• Moisturizing and loosening. Young plants are hydrated three times per season, when ovaries appear, in July and in autumn. Watering is abundant, strictly in the root zone - from 10 to 15 liters per seedling. Mature plants are watered as needed, depending on the weather conditions. After each procedure, you need to loosen the soil at a depth of about 9 cm. You also need to loosen the soil after the rains. This variety is sensitive to the air permeability of the earth. Keep the trunk circle in order and remove the weeds on time.

• Fertilizer. Since all the necessary elements are introduced during planting, after that, for three years, you can not fertilize the tree. From the age of 4 years, it is necessary to introduce organic compounds: diluted mullein or chicken droppings. More often than 2 times per season, organic matter is not used, since overdoing it harms the plant. In the spring, after rain or moisture, cherries are fed with urea and potassium. In the fall, during the digging of the soil - potassium-phosphorus compositions.

• Pruning. Despite the fact that the crown of the tree is not too thickened, pruning must be done on time. Not only for formation, but also for sanitary purposes. Pruning is carried out at the very beginning of the spring period and at the very end of the summer. In the first year, a crown is created, for which the branches of the skeletal type are cut at an angle. On the second, growths up to 25 cm are cut, on the third, shoots up to 30 cm are removed, on the fourth and subsequent ones - only sanitary pruning. During the sanitary procedure, damaged, dry branches are removed.

• Preparing for winter. The variety is considered frost-resistant, but seedlings and young specimens should be prepared for winter. Especially if the region is harsh in terms of climate. Before the onset of frost, a shelter is created from burlap, spruce branches or hay. Mature plants can be left uncovered, or sawdust and manure can be used for mulch. To protect against rodents, the bole is whitewashed with lime before winter.

The immunity of this plant is considered strong, but the risk of disease and insect attacks still remains. Among Tyutchevka's diseases, the following are most often affected.

• Clasterosporium disease. The main symptom is brown spots on the leaves, the berries dry, the bark is covered with cracks with gum. It is necessary to treat the tree and the trunk circle with a composition with copper; Nitrafen is also suitable. After a couple of weeks, you need to carry out another treatment with "Topaz" and a solution of boric acid.

• Moniliosis. Symptoms: dry branches, rotten berries, general wilting, yellow leaves in a neglected state. A solution of boric acid, "Kuprozan", "Tsineb" helps with the disease, it is necessary to carry out the treatment in the spring.

• Scab. Symptoms: leaf spots, spoiled fruits. Spraying with "Nitrafen" will save you from the disease in the period before the beginning of the growing season, after flowering and at the end of the season.

As for pests, the most dangerous are:

• sapwood;

• hawthorn;

• cherry aphid.

Antiparasitic agents will help to deal with attacks. Spraying according to the instructions is carried out with the help of "Iskra", "Corsair", "Aktara", "Decis", "Intavir"