Cherry Chermashnaya

Cherry Chermashnaya was created in our country. It has been known to gardeners for over 15 years. She is respected for her ability to give an early harvest and unpretentiousness.

This variety was obtained at the All-Russian Institute of Horticulture. It is the result of the works of breeders A.I. Evstratov and Kh. K. Enikeev and was created using the pollination of the Leningradskaya Zheltaya variety. In 2004, he joined the ranks of the State Register for the Central Black Earth Region.

Sweet cherry of this species is characterized by medium height, its height reaches 4.5-5 meters. The degree of crown density can be described as medium, the shape is between a circle and an oval. Skeletal branches are directed at an angle. The leaves are smooth and shiny. They are oval, medium in size. Shoots are red-brown in color.

The berries of this variety have an average weight of 3.8-4.5 grams. Their color is sunny yellow, sometimes with a pink spot. The shape resembles a circle, but elongated on one side. The pulp is juicy. The bone is easily detached from the pulp, it is smooth, round, medium in size.

The fruits of this culture taste sweet, sour notes are almost imperceptible. Professional tasters rate the variety of berries in question 4.4 points, they call the variety a dessert. Most often, the Black Cherry is consumed fresh.

Before the leaves begin to bloom at the cherry, it blooms with snow-white flowers. The fruits are tied on some shoots or on branches in the form of bouquets. Cherry begins to bear fruit in the 4th-5th year of life. According to the ripening period, the culture belongs to the early varieties, the fruits can be tasted at the end of June.

Chermashnaya is capable of producing a high yield - on average 15-23 tons per hectare. The productivity of the culture grows over time: 12 kilograms of berries can be removed from a seven-year-old tree, 30 kilograms from an older tree. It is better to pick berries when there is no rain. You need to wait until the cherry is fully ripe, but the stalk is still green.

The described type of sweet cherry is successfully cultivated in the Central Black Earth Region of Russia.

Due to the fact that this variety manifests itself as self-infertile, it needs pollinators. They are usually placed on the site, keeping a distance of 3-4 meters. Cherry varieties such as Fatezh, Krasnaya Gorka, Iput, Ovstuzhenka can be used as pollinating trees.

The best time for planting Chermashnaya cherries is the early spring period. When choosing a place, you need to make sure that the plant receives enough sunlight and is well ventilated.It is worth giving preference to loose soil, perfectly permeable to moisture, categorically rejecting sandy, clay, peat soils. The best level of soil acidity is not higher than pH 6.5. It is not advised to place cherries near shrubs or apple trees.

It is recommended to purchase seedlings in special stores or nurseries. When choosing planting material, several points must be taken into account:

• the root system must have a considerable length - at least 25 centimeters, and there must be no dryness and frostbite;

• the presence of many fibrous roots and a white color of the root in the section;

• absence of swellings and growths, smooth trunk;

• the age of a young plant - it should be about 2 years old.

On the eve of landing, you need to dig a hole with parameters 90x90x90 centimeters. At the bottom, it is necessary to provide for a small bump of earth. Install a support peg at some distance from the center. Then cover the cherries with earth, leaving the neck of the root on the surface (about 5-7 centimeters). After that, you should trample the soil a little, step back about 25 centimeters from the tree, and make a side. At the end of the process, the culture is watered with several buckets of water. If desired, the soil is fertilized with ash, compost or peat.

When caring for the Chermashnaya cherry in the Central Region, you need to water it three times per season:

• at the time of kidney formation;

• a couple of weeks after the flowering of the tree;

• 2-3 weeks before the berries are fully ripe.

Young trees planted in spring can be moistened up to twice a month. On the eve of watering, it is advised to thoroughly loosen the soil around the tree.

And also Chermashnaya needs regular pruning. The main conditions for this procedure are that the instrument must be sharp and must be disinfected every time. Sanitary pruning removes damaged branches, thinning - fights against excessive density, rejuvenating - restores the growth of an aging tree. In order not to shock the plant, it is not recommended to remove a large number of branches at a time. At the end of the process, it is advised to cover the cut section with garden pitch.

In addition, the culture requires regular feeding. If the soil was fertilized during planting, the effect from it will last for 2-3 years. Subsequently, you need to feed the cherries annually. As a rule, in spring the soil is saturated with urea, in autumn - with potassium and superphosphate, in late autumn - with manure, compost, wood ash.

Loosening of the earth, mulching (with the help of hay and dry grass) and whitewashing of the trunk, which protects it from sunburn and frost, play a significant role in the care of Chermashnaya. In order to protect against winter weather and rodents, the tree trunk is also wrapped in burlap and encircled with spruce twigs.

Cherry Chermashnaya shows high resistance to such ailments as moniliosis and coccomycosis. Of the other diseases and pests to which it can be exposed, the most famous are clasterosporia, cytosporosis, as well as cherry fly, black aphid, leafworm. For the purpose of prevention, it is necessary not only to feed the soil with fertilizers, but also to eliminate weeds, to remove fallen berries. As a fight against ailments, agents such as Bordeaux liquid, copper oxychloride are used, and against insects - traps, insecticides, as well as a solution of soap and onion peels.

The cherry tree shows considerable resistance to the threat of cold weather, it is able to withstand 20-degree frost. However, at an even lower temperature, kidneys may die. The culture adequately tolerates dry weather with normal watering. However, moisture stagnation is harmful for cherries, it slows down growth.

Reviews of this variety are generally positive, gardeners note bountiful harvests and a pleasant taste of berries.