Cherry Revna

The advantages of this hardy and frost-resistant culture are well known, since it is popular and steadily grown in various regions of Russia. This is largely due to the gorgeous taste of the juicy fruits of the Revna cherry.

The culture was obtained within the walls of the All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine at the end of the twentieth century. It is named similarly to the name of the river, which quietly carries its unhurried waters through the territory of the Bryansk region, not far from the location of the institute itself. The project was carried out by the method of free pollination, and the base crop was Bryanskaya Rose. The authors of Revna are scientists Astakhov A.I. and Kanshina M.V., who have been working on the project for over 40 years. By the end of 1993, the culture successfully passed the state variety tests, and in 1994 it was entered into the State Register.

A crop with a high level of marketability, universal in purpose, with good transportation capabilities, is recommended for cultivation in the Central region.

Cherry trees Revna are medium-sized (up to 4 m), with pyramidal, medium-dense crowns. The growth rates are very fast. Erect shoots. Leaves of considerable size, ovoid configuration, dark green shades, thickened. The leaf blades are oval, with pointed tops and serrated edges. The flowers are medium-sized, saucer-shaped, white. Each inflorescence contains 4 flowers.

Buds are large, strongly deviating from the branches, oval configuration. Petioles are short, slightly thickened.

The process of ovary formation occurs mainly on bouquet branches, but a small number of them are also tied on annual shoots.

Of the advantages of culture, it is worth noting:

• a high level of resistance to diseases of a fungal nature;

• excellent taste;

• reliable degree of resistance to cold;

• good transportability of fruits;

• high yields.

Minuses:

• low rates of self-fertility;

• weak early maturity.

Revna berries are medium in size (19x20x19 mm), with a large amount of juice, reaching a mass of 4.7-7.7 grams. The fruiting configuration is wide-round, with a dense skin of a dark red (almost black) color. At the base of the top of the berry there are white specks. The pulp is dense in structure, dark red shades. Fruits crack a little.

The seeds are oval, medium in size, weighing about 0.29 g (5.2% of the fruit weight). Separate freely from the pulp. The quality of berry tearing is dry.

By chemical composition, the fruits include: dry compositions - 18.8%, sugar - 12.6%, acids - 0.3%, ascorbic acid - 13.3 mg / 100 g.

The berries are sweet in taste. Tasting score in points - 4.9.

The first fruits ripen in the 5th year of crop growth. It is late in terms of ripening. Fruit bearing time is from late June to early July.

The crop is high-yielding with average values ​​up to 73 c / ha, the highest - 112 c / ha.

The culture is self-fertile in part. Pollinating plants used: Ovstuzhenka, Iput, Tyutchevka, Raditsa, Compact, Venyaminova and others.

The choice of a site for planting Revna is standard, as is the case for most of the stone fruit family. It develops most effectively on sandy loam or loamy soils. Trees do not tolerate stagnant moisture well, and therefore groundwater should be located at least 2 m from the edge of the soil.

Planting of seedlings usually begins in March or April before the buds swell. A complex of preparatory pre-planting works is carried out in the fall.

1. Planting grooves are prepared 60 cm deep and 80 cm wide.

2. Next, the pit is filled with a mixture of 30%, including the upper soil layers and a bucket of humus. In the spring, about 300 g of superphosphate compositions and about 100 g of sodium sulfate are added there, mixing the additives with the soil.

Before planting, you should choose strong and developed seedlings. Let us indicate a number of special criteria for their selection.

1. The seedlings should have 3-5 shoots growing in different directions at a minimum angle of 45 ° (otherwise they will break under the weight of the crop).

2. For planting, 1-2-year-old trees 80-100 cm in height are suitable, on the trunks of which the grafting sites should be determined.

After picking up, the roots of the trees are wrapped with a damp cloth and covered with polyethylene.

The process of direct planting is not much different from the standard for fruit trees. The root collars of the seedlings should rise 5-6 cm above the soil. For finishing watering, 10-20 liters of liquid are spent.

Top dressing of crops begins from the 2nd year of growth:

• in the spring, after frost, up to 120 g of urea is placed near the trees, dropping it to a depth of 10 cm;

• in the 3rd year, in May, Revna is enriched with urea (20 g of fertilizer are added to 10 liters of water);

• on the fourth and fifth - add 80 g of ammophoska and 250 g of superphosphate under the plant;

• in the fall, add 80 g of superphosphate, 40 g of potassium salts, about 300 g of ash per 1 m2.

Irrigation of Revna is carried out up to 4 times per season:

• in the end of May;

• in the second decade of June;

• during July;

• before the onset of frost.

In this case, young seedlings take up to 2 buckets of water. As the trees grow, the volume of irrigation is increased by 10 liters annually. The best method of irrigation is the supply of liquid to the furrows located around the circumference of the near-stem space with a diameter of 0.8-1 m. After the irrigation process, the space is mulched with a layer thickness of about 10 cm. In September-October, water-charging irrigation is carried out - 50-60 liters of water per tree.

Annual pruning is done in the spring and fall. In this case, the formative pruning should be performed annually and in stages. In the autumn, they carry out sanitary cutting.

The culture has a high immune potential against fungal diseases and coccomycosis.

Protection against birds in various traditional ways is relevant to the culture. To resist the cherry fly, shoot moth, cherry aphid, winter moth, well-known chemical preparations and folk remedies are used.

Tree trunks and their skeletal branches have a high level of resistance to frost and sunburn. Not afraid of low temperatures and flower buds. So, at a temperature of –3 ... 5 ° C, the degree of their freezing is only 0.4 points.

In general, Revna cherries are positioned as frost-resistant. Nevertheless, preliminary preparation for the possible severe Russian cold weather is necessary:

• in October, trunks and skeletal branches must be cleared of lichens and dead bark;

• whitewashing is carried out, prepared from 2.5-3 kg of lime, 50 g of wood glue, 500 g of copper sulfate per 10 liters of water;

• insulate the near-trunk space with peat or sawdust with a layer of 20 cm;

• the trunks and bases of the skeletal branches are covered with paper.