Cherry Teremoshka

Winter-hardy and fruitful varieties are always in great demand among summer residents. And if the plant is also low, then this variety will appeal to many. Cherry Teremoshka belongs to just such.

The culture was bred in the village of Michurinsky in the All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine. The authors of the variety were M. V. Kanshina, A. A. Astakhov and L. I. Zueva.

Seedlings 3-36 and 4-3 were chosen for the parental pair of the future variety. After all the tests and identification of the optimal growing region, the crop was entered into the State Register and approved for use in 2001.

The crop showed good productivity in the Central region of Russia.

The Teremoshka variety belongs to low-growing crops. The height of the tree is only 3-4 m, less often 5 m. The crown is formed by a wide, very round and medium density. Skeletal branches diverge a little chaotically and noticeably round towards the top. Young shoots are green-brown in color, and fully matured branches become dark brown.

The leaves are elongated, with a sharp tip, slightly oval at the base, medium in size. They cover shoots densely. They are dark green in color, matte, with small notches along the edging.

The flowers are white, large. The petals are loose. The buds are collected in inflorescences of 3-4 pieces. The bowl is formed with long stamens and pistils, together in shape they resemble a glass.

The crop is popular due to its compact crown and an annual and stable harvest. The variety is immune to a number of fungal diseases. Sweet cherries can be easily transported over long distances.

There are two drawbacks of the Teremoshka cherry: self-infertility and periodic attacks of some pests.

The berries are large, their weight varies from 5 to 6.6 g. There are also fruits weighing 7-8 g, but this happens very rarely. The shape of the cherry is blunt-hearted. Dimensions 2.1x2.2x2 cm, where the first value is the height, the second is the width, and the third is the thickness.

Fruit color is dark red. If the berries are in the sun for a long time, the peel may darken and become burgundy.

The peduncle is short, medium in thickness, well attached to the berry.

The pulp is juicy, fleshy and dense, dark red, juice of the same shade. A small bone weighing 0.25-0.3 g is formed inside. It separates well from the pulp, the separation of the stalk is almost dry.

With improper care of berries and abundant watering, the peel may crack.

Cherry Teremoshka is universal. It is eaten fresh, and various preparations are made, including frozen.

The berries contain only 0.35-0.38% acids and 17.5-18% sugar. Dry matter in the fruit is 18%. There are up to 15 mg of ascorbic acid per 100 g. The taste of the variety is rich and bright, very sweet. The tasting score is 4.7 points.

The first flowering occurs at 3 years after planting the seedling in the ground, and the first fruiting at 4-5 years. In terms of ripening, the culture belongs to the group of mid-season varieties. The fruiting period is in the second half of July.

Cherry Teremoshka is a very prolific variety, its yield is at a height. Average indicators are equal to 50-55 centners, and the maximum - 100 centners per hectare.

The culture is self-fertile, so it needs pollinators. Most often, varieties are chosen:

• Bryansk pink;

• Jealous;

• Ovstuzhenka.

It is recommended to plant them at a distance of 3-4 m from each other. For better pollination, two pollinators are needed per tree.

Before buying a seedling, you need to make sure that its height does not exceed 100 cm. The root system must be well developed and healthy (without obvious signs of mold and fungal diseases), and also free of broken shoots.

Planting times vary by region. If the culture will be grown in the south, then planting can be carried out in the fall after leaf fall. The seedling will have time to take root before the first frost. In the spring, the tree is planted according to the standard scheme - before the first leaves are dissolved. If the cherry was bought in late autumn, then it can be dug in on the site, then covered with spruce branches and mulch, as well as agrofibre.

It is desirable that chernozem prevails in the soil in the selected area. And also the land should be loamy or sandy loam.

A pit is prepared in advance, about 1-1.5 months before planting. If the landing will be carried out in the spring, then it is better to prepare the hole in the fall. During this time, the soil will dry out and settle a little.

At the bottom of the hole, drainage is made from broken bricks or pebbles. This will help prevent excess water from accumulating in the roots and will drain the groundwater.

The pit should be at least 60x60 cm in size with a depth of 80-90 cm. It is best to mix the excavated soil with compost, potassium salt and superphosphate. This will saturate the soil with useful minerals, and then the cherries will absorb them.

The support is prepared in advance. It can be wooden or metal. The support should rise 50-70 cm above the ground, then the seedling will not tilt.

The tree is carefully lowered to the bottom, straightening the roots, then everything is covered with earth. After planting, the bush is spilled with water, from 2 buckets. Then the soil around can be mulched.

The aftercare of the crop is pretty straightforward. Watering and feeding are often combined, and carried out in one season from 3 to 5 times (during flowering, at the beginning of fruiting and before preparing for winter). If the weather is too dry, the amount of irrigation can be increased. In this case, it is important to observe the measure.

After each watering, the soil is loosened by 10-12 cm and all large weeds are removed. Every 3-4 years, the earth around the trunk is dug up, bringing in useful minerals.

Forming is carried out twice in one season. It is worth remembering that this procedure is carried out only at a time when the sap flow of the tree is slowed down, otherwise the sap released from the wound will attract pests.

Due to the fact that pruning of dry or non-fruiting branches is carried out, the yield and weight of the fruits increase. The crown is formed only for the first 5 years. For the convenience of harvesting, the height of the tree is kept at the level of 2.5-3 m, the skeletal branches are shortened by 1/3 of the length and 2-3 tiers are created.

In the spring, before the first leaves bloom, preventive work is carried out to protect the plant from fungal spores and pest larvae. All work is carried out in the morning or in the evening, when the sun is not so active. The solution is prepared from urea and water. If the tree has been attacked by insects, then insecticides are chosen.

Before winter, the trunk of the tree is inspected for cracks. If they are, then they should be covered with paste, otherwise the insects will make their way there to overwinter. Then the soil is poured abundantly with warm water. This will help the ground freeze more slowly, creating an insulating cushion that will provide protection from severe frost.

The trunk circle is mulched with compost 10-15 cm thick. To protect it from rodents, the trunk is wrapped in a fine metal mesh.

Young seedlings must be covered with agrofibre so that frost does not form on the branches. This should be done for the first couple of years.