Pear Veles

Veles pear is one of the best pears for the Moscow region and the middle lane. She was included by the State Register in the list of admitted in 2001. Parents: the famous Forest Beauty, a Belgian fruitful variety with green-ruddy pears, and Venus, an unpretentious Russian variety from 1964 with fruits of the same size and color.

The tree is up to 4 m high. The crown is spreading, with age it becomes wide-pyramidal, the density is medium. Ringlets (main fruiting shoots) are large, evenly spaced. Leaves are medium in size, smooth, with long, thin petioles.

Pears are medium in size, closer to large, 120-150 grams, pleasantly rounded, wide, symmetrical. No ribs. The skin is dense, smooth, greenish-yellow with a slight orange blush. The stalks are long, of medium thickness. The seed chambers are small, narrow, the seeds are dark brown. The pulp is medium-dense. Pears are prone, transportable, well stored - after removal, they can lie in the refrigerator until the 2nd decade of November.

The taste is sweet, harmonious, sweet with the right amount of acid, refined. The pulp is fragrant, medium-dense, buttery. Tasting score of 4.6 points out of 5.

The fruits are recommended for fresh consumption, which is how most gardeners use them. But with an excess of the harvest, pears will be excellent in blanks: juices, compotes, fruit salads, jam.

Autumn variety. Begins to bear fruit for 5-7 years. Harvested from late August to early September. The yield is amicable, but the harvest is carried out in 2 steps. First, the large ones are removed, then the remaining ones. For storage, it is better to take off in a slightly unripe form.

The yield is high, 126 centners per hectare. From 1 tree - 80 kg of fruits. In some cases - up to 100 kg. The crop is stable, leveled, pears of even size.

The pear is self-fertile, the best pollinating varieties that increase productivity are the Chizhovskaya, Severyanka, Rogneda pears.

Two-year-old pear seedlings are planted in the spring, before the start of sap flow, or in the fall, at the end of September. Autumn planting is preferable. The distance between rows and trees is 6.5 meters each.

Like all pears, careful pruning is required to avoid overloading the tree with fruit. With bountiful harvests, the fruits may shrink.

Adult plants do not need watering, although 3-4 procedures will be required in a dry summer, but young Veles pears are watered regularly - at least 2 times a week, slightly varying the amount of water depending on the weather.

By winter, all fallen leaves and carrion are removed, the trunks are whitewashed with a solution of lime and clay, the trunks are dug up so that the pests that have climbed into the winter are on top and are neutralized by frosts. Spread out 20-35 cm of sawdust.

So that the trees are not damaged by rodents, the trunks are wrapped with spruce branches, placing it so that the needles look down.

Top dressing will have a positive effect on yields. They are held at least 3 times per season.

1. Spring. During the flowering period, fertilize with urea (120 g per 5 liters of water - per tree).

2. Summer. In early July - infusion of mullein (1 part of manure, 20 parts of water, leave for 5 days, for 1 tree - 3 buckets).

3. Autumn. Phosphorus and potassium are added at the end of September. For 1 tree - 10 liters of water with 2 tbsp. l. superphosphate and 1 tbsp. l. potassium chloride.

The Veles variety is extremely resistant to pests and diseases, but a culture like a pear in the middle lane needs careful attention, regardless of litter.

If pests are found, treatments are carried out, first with folk remedies: tobacco (400 g per 10 l of water), laundry soap (200-300 g per 10 l of water). If there are many pests, an insecticide is selected. His choice depends on the type of pest.

1. "Karbofos" and "Nitrafen" paste - from pear gall mite, pear copper.

2. Paste "Nitrafen" - from pear gall mite.

3. "Confidor" - from pear leaf and fruit gall midge.

4. Chlorophos - from the eastern and pear moth.

Well-tuned agricultural technology protects well from pests. Healthy trees in a clean garden rarely get sick and deal with pests on their own. Prevention measures include simple procedures.

1. Cleaning of the site in the fall. All plant waste is burned. It cannot be used for composting.

2. Regular inspection of the bark and treatment of cracks where certain types of insects may hibernate. Cracks are treated with copper sulfate (1% solution) and covered with garden varnish.

3. In the fall, before preparing for winter, the soil and crown are sprayed with Bordeaux liquid (3% solution).

4. The same treatment is repeated in the spring.

5. Set trapping belts made of burlap, films on tree trunks. Belt height - 50-60 cm.

6. Treat with fungicides "Horus", "Raek" or "Skor" after flowering every 2-3 weeks. They monitor the timely change of the drug, otherwise the microorganisms get used to it and can arrange an unpleasant surprise for the next year. Use 1 fungicide no more than 3 times in 1 season.

If blackness begins to appear on the pear, this can mean both illness and a lack of potassium. It is best to feed the plant with ash, which simultaneously solves several problems, and even strengthens the winter hardiness of the tree.

The Veles pear is so good that they often try to grow it in Siberia and the Urals. Here trees should be carefully covered for the winter. Instead of agrofibre, lutrasil, burlap, which are enough for gardeners from Central Russia, they use brushwood, spruce branches, boards, slate sheets.

Shelter is especially important for young trees. The trunk circles are sprinkled with a 3-5 cm layer of peat, humus or straw. Then the branches are lowered to the ground, making them heavier with sand, coniferous branches, the trunk is wrapped with covering material with holes for air intake.

The pear feels great in the middle lane, it is widespread in the Moscow region. It is here that it is recommended to grow it.

The plant can withstand frosts down to -35 ° С. Avoid planting the Veles pear in regions where frosts below –2 ° C are possible in April-May. Such temperatures will damage flower buds, you may be left without a crop.

The variety consists almost entirely of pluses: resistance to diseases, cold, drought, dampness, stability in yields, attractive and tasty fruits, ideal for fresh consumption and for sale. Winter hardiness and disease resistance are the highest. For these two indicators, the Veles pear is a recognized leader in comparison with other autumn varieties for the Moscow region. The only negative is that the pear will bear fruit relatively late. There are varieties that will bear fruit for 3-4 years (Thumbelina, Just Maria). But this trifle is forgiven for the excellent durability of the tree, the bountiful harvest and worthy, southern-tasting fruits of the pear of Veles.