Pear Extravaganza

Through the efforts of domestic and foreign breeders, the market is constantly replenished with new varieties that are distinguished by winter hardiness, unpretentiousness and other advantages, for the sake of which constant work is being carried out to improve fruit and berry crops. The unpretentiousness of the pear Extravaganza made it a favorite of many gardeners, and allowed even Siberians to enjoy the delicious fruits obtained from their plots. The purpose of the fruit is universal. They are eaten fresh, excellent preserves and jams are prepared from them, used in the preparation of desserts.

The authors of the variety are breeders of the State Scientific Institution All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics and Breeding of Fruit Plants named after V.I. I. V. Michurina S. P. Yakovlev, N. I. Saveliev, V. V. Chivilev. The variety was obtained as a result of crossing the Talgar beauty and the Daughter of Dawn. The Extravaganza was approved for use in 2006.

Medium-sized (up to 2 m) trees have a drooping, broad-pyramidal crown of medium density. Medium-sized shoots with lenticels have an arched outline and a brownish brown bark without signs of pubescence. Branches cover green ovoid leaves with a smooth, leathery-like shiny surface. The pointed apex is twisted in a helical manner, the edges of the leaf are dissected with many small denticles. The stipules are subulate, the buds are cone-shaped, while they are slightly deviated from the shoot. The fruits are attached to a long, curved peduncle.

Positive qualities of the variety:

• winter hardiness;

• unpretentiousness;

• strong immunity;

• high productivity;

• not prone to shedding;

• versatile in use;

• excellent keeping quality and transportability;

• the possibility of growing on an industrial scale.

Disadvantages are the rapid regrowth of shoots, which forces the gardener to monitor the degree of thickening and form the crown, otherwise the fruit becomes noticeably smaller.

Elongated pear-shaped fruits weighing 130 grams are yellow-green with a covering shade of crimson.

The semi-oily juicy pulp of white color has a sweet dessert taste and a delicate pear aroma. The skin is of medium thickness and feels oily to the touch, aided by the bloom of pruin on the smooth surface. The subcutaneous points are almost invisible. Pears contain dry soluble substances - 13.3%, sugars - 8.6%, titratable acids - 0.1%, ascorbic acid - 7.9 mg / 100 g, P-active substances - 112.0 mg / 100 g. Tasting score - 4.4 points out of five.

The extravaganza belongs to winter pears - the harvest is harvested in early September. Moreover, the fruits have a consumption period of 120-170 days. During the entire storage period, fruits do not lose their juiciness, taste and attractiveness. The tree begins to bear fruit in 5-6 years from the moment of planting, has a mixed type of fruiting.

The variety is considered high-yielding and is capable of producing up to 144 centners per hectare.

For the cultivation of Extravaganzas, the Central Black Earth region is recommended - Belgorod and Orel, Lipetsk and Tambov, Kursk and Voronezh regions. It should be noted that the variety was not limited to these areas - the Fairy is grown in the conditions of South-West Siberia, and even in Irkutsk.

The variety is considered self-pollinating, but cross-pollination always has a positive effect on yield. Neighborhood with other varieties of the same pollination time has a beneficial effect on fruiting rates.

The plant requires the maximum amount of light, so it needs to be planted in well-lit places with sod-podzolic or chernozem soil. At the same time, neighborhoods with swampy lowland areas and groundwater, whose layers lie closer than 2.5 meters to the surface, should not be allowed. In addition, the Extravaganza reacts very badly to drafts, so protection from them must be provided.

Planting holes are prepared in advance - at least 2 weeks in advance, so that the soil has time to settle and compact. Planting time is early spring or autumn. It is important that the roots have time to go through the rooting stage. For trees, the most correct size of the planting pit is 80x80x80 cm. At the bottom, a drainage layer of gravel, pebbles, crushed stone, broken brick is required, and a support for a weak trunk is installed. When digging up, the soil is immediately sorted - the fertile layer is subsequently returned to the pit, and the clay is removed. To provide the most comfortable conditions for the seedlings, an organic “cushion” of manure and dry grass or hay can be placed on the drainage layer. The excavated soil is enriched with organic matter (humus, compost, bird droppings), complex mineral fertilizers, superphosphate and wood ash.

The pit is filled with a part of the resulting earthen mixture, filling it with a slide. The roots of the seedling are carefully straightened over the surface, covered with the remaining soil and compacted by the trunk circle, organizing a protective earthen embankment around its borders. The soil is watered with 2-3 buckets of warm water, the next day it is loosened to provide oxygen access. Loosening can be replaced by mulching with a peat layer of about 10 cm. This technique helps to retain moisture and prevents the soil from cracking.

Caring for a plant includes several agrotechnical techniques - the growth and fruiting of the future tree depends on their observance. In the first year, irrigation is carried out regularly, except for the rainy periods when there is enough natural irrigation. For an adult tree, watering is required at the time of flowering, ripening of fruits and before autumn preparation for the winter period.

The introduction of nutrients begins from the third year, combined with watering. During spring irrigation, urea and nitrogen are introduced; at the stage of setting and growing fruits, the plant needs potassium-phosphorus fertilizers. After harvesting, the strength of the depleted tree is supported by organic fertilizers - infusion of mullein or bird droppings.

Sanitary pruning is designed to rid the tree of dry, diseased, broken shoots.To form a crown in the first year, the seedling is shortened, leaving 50-60 cm from the ground. The side branches are cut over the buds and left as they are until the next season. In the second year, the central conductor is again shortened by 20 cm, and the lateral shoots by 5-6 cm, thus forming tiers - the lower ones should be shorter than the upper ones. Thus, they monitor the crown throughout the life of the pear, removing shoots growing inside the crown, avoiding thickening. Do not forget about the autumn whitewashing of the trunks to scare away rodents.

Strong immunity provided the tree with high disease resistance. However, preventive treatments with insecticides and fungicides make it possible with a greater guarantee to protect the plant from dangerous pests, viral and bacterial diseases.

Pear has high frost resistance and easily tolerates lower temperatures in the middle zone and the Trans-Urals.