Pear Severyanka

Pear Severyanka is an unpretentious and high-yielding variety that was created specifically for growing in regions with unfavorable climatic conditions. The frost-resistant plant gives high yields for many years, and the juicy fruits have a universal purpose. The rich microchemical composition of pears, the absence of glucose in them and a small amount of calories allow people with complex chronic diseases to use fruits.

Pear Severyanka is a high-yielding variety, which was bred by the practical breeder Yakovlev P.N. I. V. Michurin. The variety was obtained by crossing the following varietal species:

• Ussuri pear;

• Bere Ligel;

• Clapp's favorite.

Initially, the plant was named after its creator and was called Yakovlev's Seedling No. 103, but later it was renamed Severyanka. In 1965, the pear was approved for use, and its seedlings went to retail.

Pear Severyanka is a high-yielding winter-hardy medium-sized variety with a wide rounded cone-shaped crown. The average height of a tree is about 5 m. Trees of this variety belong to long-livers, the age of which can reach 50-60 years, but often the life cycle of pears lasts about 35 years. The tree is characterized by intensive growth and rapid formation of stepchildren. Medium-sized offspring have few knees. Shoots are painted in a pale green hue. Young stepchildren are slightly pubescent. Strong and long central branches are located at an almost 90 degree angle. The outer multilayer fabric of the trunk and old branches is dark gray in color.

Composite leaf plates have a reverse oval arcuate shape.

During the flowering period, the tree is covered with white flowers, which are collected in inflorescences of 5-6 pieces. The flowers are cupped, slightly closed.

Advantages:

• early harvest;

• quick entry into fruiting;

• a high percentage of yield under any climatic conditions;

• resistance to low temperatures;

• immunity to most fruit diseases and pests;

• universal purpose.

Disadvantages:

• small fruits;

• lack of gustatory delights;

• the need for abundant watering;

• shedding ripe fruits within 5 days;

• poor keeping quality and transportability;

• inability to use for commercial purposes.

Small pears of the Severyanka variety have a technical purpose. The surface of cone-shaped fruits with a blunt end is lumpy and uneven. The average weight of one fruit is about 80 grams, however, there are also specimens weighing more than 110 grams. The color range of fruits, depending on their ripeness, varies from greenish-yellow to lemon with a pink-ruddy crust. The long stalk is slightly oblique.

The structure of the soft creamy pulp is fleshy, dense and juicy. When biting the fruit, you can feel a pleasant crunch. Despite the thick and dense skin, pears are stored for no more than 2 weeks. The chemical composition of the fruit:

• sugar - 11.8%;

• acids - 0.38%;

• ascorbic acid - 5.6 mg per 100 g;

• catechins - 51 mg per 100 g.

Juicy medium-sized pears have a universal purpose. The taste of a ripe fruit is sweet with hints of sourness, and the aroma is delicate and not saturated. The harvested crop can be consumed both fresh and canned. Due to their low calorie content, pears are popular with overweight people and those on a diet. It should be noted that this fruit does not contain glucose, so it can be consumed by people suffering from high blood sugar.

Pears of this variety are fully usable already at the beginning of August. The harvest must be collected before the end of summer. The structure of overripe fruits is extremely unattractive and similar to boiled potatoes. Due to the fact that fruits are poorly stored, farmers recommend picking them 7-10 days before ripening and immediately putting them in a cold room. This trick will help to extend the shelf life of the product. The variety has no cyclicity in fruiting, so the tree pleases with fruit every year.

Pear Severyanka belongs to varieties with an early ripening period. You can get the first harvest in 3-4 years after the seedlings are rooted. A healthy and strong plant at the age of 7-8 years is capable of forming up to 50 kg of juicy fruits. The tree gives the maximum amount of harvest in the 10-11 year of life. In favorable climatic conditions and with proper care, gardeners often harvest up to 90 kg of fruits from one tree.

Despite the fact that the plant feels great in any climatic conditions, it is still most popular in regions with a low temperature range. Such territories include the northern, Ural, Volga regions and the Central economic region.

Severyanka pear belongs to the species with weakly expressed pollination. To obtain a stable and high-quality harvest, the plant needs the following pollinator varieties:

• In memory of Yakovlev;

• Rogneda;

• Carmen;

• Chizhovskaya.

In the absence of external pollinators, the plant is able to form no more than 30% of the crop.

Despite its versatility, the Severyanka pear prefers to grow on sunny heights with deep groundwater. The plant also has a negative attitude towards strong currents of cold air. When choosing a planting site, it is necessary to take into account the fact that a lack of sunlight can provoke a decrease in the amount of the crop, as well as the production of lower quality fruits.

Due to the long growth of a tree in one place, the site selected for planting should have a fertile loamy soil.

Young seedlings can be planted both in spring and autumn. Planting work in spring is best done in April, and in autumn in October. Experienced gardeners recommend choosing shoots that are no more than 2 years old to form a garden.

The size of the planting pit is 80 cm by 100 cm. Before deepening the root part into the planting hole, it is imperative to cut off all dry and rotten parts. Experienced practical breeders recommend watering young shoots after planting and mulching the root zone.

An unpretentious plant does not require increased attention to itself, however, fruit trees require regular pruning, which will thin out the crown and provide access to sunlight for all formed fruits. You should also not forget about abundant watering, as well as removing weeds and loosening the root zone. The plant is very responsive to the application of mineral and organic fertilizers.

Particular attention should be paid to preparing young seedlings for wintering. The trees must be filled with water, and the crown must be covered with needles or wrapped in burlap, which will help protect the bark from rodents.

An unpretentious tree is very rarely exposed to the invasion of pests and diseases. The variety has an increased percentage of resistance. However, despite this fact, the pear can be affected by microplasma disease, fire blight and fruit rot. Practical breeders recommend not forgetting to carry out regular processing of fruit plantations.