- Authors: Yakovlev S.P., Gribanovsky A.P., Ilyina Yu.K. (Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Center named after I.V. Michurin)
- Appeared when crossing: Severyanka x Red-cheeked
- Year of approval: 2002
- Fruit weight, g: 135
- Ripening terms: summer
- Fruit picking time: from mid-August
- Appointment: universal
- Growth type: medium height
- Transportability: good
- Marketability: high
The Severyanka red-cheeked variety is a summer variety that brings a bountiful harvest of medium-sized and tasty pears. Differs in frost resistance and strong immunity. Fruits are eaten fresh, especially good for rolling compotes and juices
Breeding history
Received at the Federal Scientific Center. I. V. Michurin by breeders S. P. Yakovlev, A. P. Gribanovsky, Yu. K. Ilyina. It arose when crossing the varieties Severyanka and Krasnoschekaya. Admitted to the State Register in 2002.
Description of the variety
The tree is medium-sized, up to 6 m high with a dense pyramidal crown up to 4-6 m wide. The bark is brown smooth. Leaves are medium, oblong, pointed, shiny and green, the edge of the leaf is serrate. White flowers are collected in inflorescences of 4-6 pieces, are highly resistant to frost. They bloom early - in April-May. The tree has a lifespan of 40-60 years.
Fruit characteristics
Small, weighing 135 g, harmonious rounded shape. They are removed from the branches with light yellow with a brown blush, when ripe they become yellow with reddened sides. The pulp is loose, tender, fine-grained, very juicy. The skin is smooth, dense. The seeds are small brown.
Taste qualities
The taste is sweet, with sourness, the aroma is very weak. Sugar content - 9.4%, vitamin C - 7 mg per 100 g. Tasting score 4.5 points out of 5.
Ripening and fruiting
Begins to bring about 5 years after planting. Pears begin to ripen from mid-August. With a very plentiful harvest, the fruits weigh 60-80 g. It is recommended to remove a little earlier, as shedding is possible.
Yield
One tree can bear about 90 kg of fruit.
Growing regions
It is recommended to plant in the Central Black Earth region, but it is promising to plant in the middle lane.
Self-fertility and the need for pollinators
Differs in partial self-fertility. To increase fruiting, pollinating varieties are planted nearby: Memory Yakovlev, Tikhy Don, Kudesnitsa, Tatiana, Fairy.
Landing
The procedure is carried out in early spring before the start of sap flow or in the middle of autumn. In the spring they are planted when the earth warms up to 5-7 degrees Celsius, and the temperature at night does not drop below +10. Autumn planting is recommended for this variety. It is carried out after the end of leaf fall, 20-25 days before the onset of cold weather.
Saplings are chosen for one-year and two-year. A planting pit is dug 80x80 cm in size and 1 m deep. The distance from other trees, including pollinators, is at least 6 m. Broken brick or gravel is poured at the bottom of the pit. The removed garden soil is mixed with humus and superphosphate, poured into a pit with a hill.
The seedling is placed vertically, a peg of 20-25 cm is placed next to it, sprinkled evenly with earth in several steps, and compacted.A radial trench is made and poured with 3 buckets of water, loosened and mulched, tied to a support.
Growing and care
The variety is unpretentious in care: it needs timely watering and regular thinning of the crown. Watered by sprinkling and under the root 2-3 times a week. An adult tree needs about 5 buckets of water, a young one 3-4.
To obtain a bountiful harvest, the plants are fertilized. In the spring, nitrogen compounds are introduced, but not more often than 1 time in 3 years. During the formation of buds and ovaries, they are fed with phosphate fertilizers, during the growth of fruits - with potassium fertilizers.
The culture needs regular pruning. They begin to form the crown in the second year after planting in a sparse-tiered type. Supportive pruning is carried out in spring and autumn; curves, damaged branches growing inside the crown are removed.
For the winter, the pear is watered abundantly, and the soil around is mulched with a layer of 10-15 cm. Young trees are completely wrapped in burlap, and covered with spruce branches on top.
Disease and pest resistance
Has a good immunity to scab and black cancer. Shows good resistance to septoria, but in unfavorable years it can be affected by this fungus. Diseased shoots are removed, the cut is lubricated with garden varnish, dead leaves and cut branches are destroyed, the soil is dug up, treatment is carried out with Bordeaux liquid, urea, and iron vitriol.
After freezing, it can be affected by a bacterial burn, antibiotics help to cure the plant. It can get sick with fruit rot; specialized fungicides are used for treatment.
Like any other fruit trees, the pear needs protection from various diseases and pests. When planting a pear on your site, you need to know in advance what diseases you should beware of. To successfully carry out the struggle, it is necessary first to correctly identify the cause of the problem. It is important to distinguish signs of disease from manifestations of the presence of insects, mites, caterpillars and other types of pests.
Resistance to soil and climatic conditions
High winter hardiness - tolerates temperatures up to -30 degrees. At frosts down to -40, the aboveground part of the plant freezes, and the root system is preserved. It adapts well to different types of soil.
Review overview
Among the advantages, gardeners call: beautiful and tasty pears, which can be eaten directly from the branch in summer, as well as to make delicious jams and jams from them. The disadvantages are the high growth of the tree - this makes many seasonal maintenance jobs difficult - and the need to regularly prune the heavily overgrown crown. The red-cheeked northerner is not suitable for small areas, as it takes up a lot of space and requires replanting of other varieties for pollination.
