Pear Perun

The late ripening culture Perun was bred specifically for cultivation in the Siberian expanses. She deservedly received respect among Siberian gardeners for her unpretentiousness in care and the ability to get rich harvests, tasty and healthy pears. It is considered to be a medium-level winter-hardy plant that can effectively resist most typical diseases of pome crops.

The culture was obtained by the work of the employees of the Federal Altai Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology, located in Barnaul, through pollination of a successful selective form No. 10821 (Granddaughter + Bergamotnaya) with Winter Deccan. The authorship was received by a working team including I.A.Puchkin, I.P. Kalinina, E.P. Karataeva and M.I.Borisenko. In 1994, the newcomer was sent for state tests, and in 1998 he was already grown on the lands of the West Siberian and East Siberian regions after being included in the State Register.

The culture is classified as a medium-sized type with a slightly spreading, non-thickened and oval crown. The branches grow at sharp angles to the trunk and stretch upward.

The process of fruit setting takes place on both elementary and complicated ringlets. The culture blooms quite late. Shoots have an arched configuration and brownish shades. Leaves are small in size, broadly ovate, with smooth edges (there are barely noticeable denticles), dark greenish tones. The sheet plates have a concave configuration and flat surfaces.

Experts assess the degree of winter hardiness of the culture at the level of satisfactory (somewhat lower than that of a number of typical Siberian analogues). In the really harsh winter cold, plants still freeze considerably. But the resistance to diseases of a fungal nature is at a decent level.

Of the advantages of culture, we note the following aspects:

• large-fruited;

• excellent presentation of the fruit;

• ease of growing in harsh weather conditions;

• fast and regular fruiting process;

• recognized unpretentiousness during cultivation;

• a stable level of resistance to most diseases;

• long storage with the preservation of all its taste properties;

• good transportability of fruits.

Minuses:

• fruit consistency with a grainy structure;

• some tuberosity of fruit surfaces;

• self-fruitlessness of culture;

• insufficient degree of winter hardiness for some more northern regions of the country.

Perun pears are medium or slightly above average in size (130-180 g), with the correct pear-like configuration, they can be somewhat asymmetrical and slightly bumpy. The peel is tender, slightly oily, with glossy sheen.

In the process of picking, the pears are painted in a greenish color, and later, closer to ripeness, the main color of the fruit acquires golden yellow shades, and on some of the fruit, an integumentary ruddy color may be noticeable.

On the skin there are pronounced specks of dark greenish shades. The peduncles are short with a curved configuration. There is no funnel. The sub-cup tube is not long, with a sac-like configuration. The saucer is small, grooved. The heart is small in size, its configuration resembles an onion.Seed voids are small, closed, with membranes. Seeds are small, lanceolate, not wide.

The consistency is light, fine-grained, somewhat oily, dense, aromatic, but not quite juicy, with a rich sour-sweet taste.

In terms of chemical composition, pears include: sugars - 12.9%, acids - 0.44%, tannins - 58 mg / 100 g, ascorbic acid - 5.8 mg / 100 g, P-active compounds - 58 mg / 100 g.

By their purpose, the fruits are universal. The time of removable ripening falls in the third decade of October. In refrigeration units, pears can be kept fresh until early January.

By taste, the fruits are sweet and sour, with a slight typical aroma. Tasting score in points - 4.0-4.2.

The ripening of the culture is in mid-October, and then almost until frost. The time of the beginning of the fruiting of the culture occurs in the 5-6 year of growth. The yields are not very plentiful, but consistent.

The average yield is 61 c / ha (17.8 kg per tree, 9.9 t / ha).

The culture is self-fertile. Recommended pollinating plants - In memory of Yakovlev, Autumn Yakovleva, Prosto Maria and others.

When choosing a seedling for planting, we recommend that you be guided by a number of criteria.

1. The age of the seedling is 1-2 g. It is not recommended to select trees of a more mature age - this is a mistake, since it is the young growth that adapts more intensively.

2. In size - 1-1.2 m high and about 1.2 cm thick.

3. According to the state of the crown - without lateral branches. The largest number of processes is 1-2, their length is up to 30 cm.

4. According to the root system, the main processes should have a minimum size - up to 30 cm. According to the structure, the roots should be of uniform development, without kinks, thickenings, defects, drying out and decay.

5. In general terms, the color of the bark of boles and branches should be characterized by uniformity, not have spots and deformations.

It is recommended to plant a crop in the most illuminated, but sheltered from the wind areas. The smallest depth of groundwater placement is 3 m from the upper edge of the ground. The culture loves sandy loam soil, it develops relatively well on chernozems or loams. Clay soils are not suitable for him. The degree of acidity is better neutral or slightly acidic, but not alkaline (norm pH 6.2-6.7). Do not forget about the spaciousness of the site. It is undesirable to plant a crop next to mountain ash, which is affected by related pests. The smallest distance between seedlings and other trees should be 5 m.

Other parameters for planting seedlings are standard.

A number of useful tips for crop care.

1. Irrigation. During the initial period of plant development, it should be watered frequently. We focus on consumption - 10-15 liters of water, and for a mature tree - 25-40 liters. With frequent precipitation, the consumption volumes are reduced by 2 times.As the trees grow, we slowly stop irrigation; we do it only during the flowering period.

2. Top dressing. As organic matter, it is possible to use ash, manure, poultry droppings. Potassium supplementation is advisable, and phosphorus supplementation is recommended at the time of budding.

3. The pruning process. We carry out the initial pruning two years after planting the tree. We cut the main trunk by 25%, at the location of the annular sagging. We also shorten the side branches by cutting them slightly above the buds. In the spring, we cut off all the dried and deformed branches, and then we process the places with garden pitch.

4. About protection. To prevent the appearance of harmful organisms and diseases, the peri-stem space should be loosened more often. For the same purpose, plants must be treated with fungicides.

5. Shelter for the winter period. Although this pear is classified as a frost-resistant plant, it should be covered before the onset of frost. To do this, the bottom of the barrel is wrapped with cotton cloth, or the near-barrel space is covered with sawdust.

The culture is protected from fungal diseases.