Pear Red-sided

Red-sided pear was bred for cultivation in regions of risky agriculture - its frost resistance (up to -32 degrees Celsius) and the possibility of ripening in a short summer were the goal of breeding work. The universal purpose of the fruits allows not only eating them fresh, but also cooking jam, preserves, compotes, and drying.

The authorship in the appearance of the variety belongs to the breeders E. A. Falkenberg, M. A. Mazunin, V. I. Putyatin from the Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Appeared when crossing the varieties Tenderness and Zheltoplodnaya. The variety was registered in the State Register of Breeding Achievements in 2002.

A medium-sized, spreading tree reaches 4 meters in height. It grows quickly, in the first 5–6 years it almost completely reaches the height of an adult tree. The dense crown has a rounded shape, the ends of the branches are bent upward. Large light green leaves of an elongated shape have a matte corrugated surface, a top twisted with a screw and small denticles at the edges. Thick, uneven shoots are covered with brown, scaly bark. The tree blooms in late May, covered with large white-pink flowers with oval petals. The pear bears fruit on complex ringlets, spear, fruit twigs, sometimes at the ends of growth shoots.

Advantages of Krasnobokaya pear: frost resistance, excellent yield, ability to long-term storage, unpretentiousness in growing and care, high resistance to traditional diseases, good market yield, possibility of transportability, shelf life up to 4 months.

Cons of the variety - tendency to shedding, tart taste in the first days after removal.

Large (150-180 g) fruits are yellow-green with a crimson barrel, attached to a thick, curved, long stalk.

Fruit tasting score 4.5. White fine-grained pulp is full of juice, has a pleasant sweet taste with a piquant acidity and strong aroma. The delicate skin of the fruit is thin, oily and pleasant to the touch.

The pear belongs to the early-growing varieties - a stable annual fruiting begins at 5-7 years. Harvesting begins at the end of September.

The yield is high - an average of 105 kg / ha.

The variety is intended for cultivation in the cold regions of Russia - Siberia, the Urals.

To obtain consistently high yields nearby, pollinating varieties (Powislaya, Myth, Severyanka) with the same flowering and fruiting periods are needed. The distance to the pollinators should not exceed 10 meters.

The place for the Red-sided is chosen sunny, with protection from northern winds and strong drafts. High fences or buildings should not be closer than 4 meters, so as not to shade the plant. The distance between trees is at least 3.5 m.Groundwater contributes to decay and subsequent death of the root system, so their maximum height should not exceed 2–2.5 m.

For a seedling in advance (in autumn or spring, 2 weeks before planting), prepare a planting pit with dimensions of 70x100 cm.The removed fertile layer is enriched with organic matter (humus, compost, bird droppings), river sand, 0.3 kg of superphosphate are added. A peg-shaped support is installed at the bottom, a drainage layer is laid using pebbles, gravel of medium and fine fractions, broken brick, chopped branches and even crumpled cans. Pour the enriched soil mixture with a mound on top. After that, the pit is covered with polyethylene and left in this form until planting.

When planting a seedling, you need to carefully spread the roots over the surface of an earthen hill, then fall asleep, compacting the soil well. A thin stem is tied to a support, a protective ring-mound is organized around the trunk circle, watered with 20 liters of water and mulched. Long branches are cut by a third.

Further care of the plant consists in the formation of a crown, sanitary pruning, when weak, diseased, dried shoots are removed in spring and autumn. The first formative pruning is carried out 4 or 5 years after planting in early spring, immediately after the snow melts. Rejuvenating pruning is performed much less frequently - every 6-7 years. The measure consists in removing old shoots that excessively thicken the crown, but at the same time pruning of no more than 25% of the total mass is possible.

Watering is carried out 4 times a season: before flowering, during the budding period, in the middle of summer (in drought they are watered more often), autumn water-charging abundant watering - 60 liters per square meter. This measure makes the wood more resilient and increases its frost resistance. The best watering method is the sprinkler method.

Top dressing is necessary in the form of mineral and organic substances. Organic matter is brought in during the autumn digging about once every 3-4 years. This is 20-30 kg of manure, compost or humus. As for mineral fertilizers, in the spring nitrogen substances are needed to help build up the vegetative mass. During the budding period, complex fertilizers will be needed specifically for fruit trees. The pear responds gratefully to sowing in the near-stem circles of green manure. They also serve as the basis for subsequent mulching.

Despite the declared frost resistance of the variety, young plants need additional shelter in the first 2-3 years. The trunks should be covered with pine or spruce spruce branches. In the absence of such, you can use burlap. Hay or straw promotes the appearance of mice, and this is almost guaranteed death of the plant, since rodents love to feast on the tender bark in winter. An adult tree is prepared for wintering using a different technology.

The surface of the earth is cleaned of litter (leaves, fruits) and garden debris. The trunks and a third of the length of the lower branches are whitewashed with a mixture of lime (2 kg), copper sulfate (0.3 kg) and powdered clay (1 kg), which also increases the chances of a successful wintering and saves from rodents. The near-trunk circle is dug up to introduce organic matter and destroy the entrenched pests wintering in the ground. The dug area is mulched with sawdust or peat.It is important to remember that in early spring the mulch layer must be removed to avoid rotting and overheating of the root system.

If a gardener wants to propagate a pear with a scion, then a seedling of the Ussuri pear can be used as a rootstock.

The variety has excellent indicators of resistance to scab, as well as to pests, for example, it is not afraid of the pear gall mite.

Bred specifically for cold regions, Krasnobokaya perfectly tolerates severe frosts down to -30 degrees.