Pear Dessert Rossoshanskaya

There are few varieties of pears common in private plots that can be found in retail outlets. Dessertnaya Rossoshanskaya pear is just one of these - a fragrant and sweet fruit is loved by consumers, does not stale on the shelves and becomes a welcome guest on farms and summer cottages. The fruits are used for fresh consumption, for making preserves, jams, in confectionery dishes.

The originators of the variety are GD Neporozhny, AM Ulyanishcheva, breeders of the Rossoshansk zonal experimental gardening station. The culture appeared as a result of crossing the Bere Zimnyaya Michurina and Lesnaya Krasavitsa varieties. Registration in the State Register of Breeding Achievements took place in 1965.

A medium-sized tree has a wide-pyramidal crown, consisting of obliquely vertically directed branches. Straight shoots are covered with light brown, slightly pubescent bark. A medium-sized oval leaf blade is folded upwards and bent down along the midvein, the apex is slightly twisted.

Pros:

• unpretentiousness;

• frost resistance;

• high productivity;

• early maturity (5-6 years);

• strong immunity, great taste;

• good marketability, transportability, shelf life.

Minuses:

• impossibility of self-pollination;

• the need for thinning the crown.

The variety blooms with small (3 cm) white flowers, slightly double, collected in umbellate inflorescences. Fruits are formed on the ringlets of the second year.

The mass of short pear-shaped or apple-shaped fruits is 160 g, the shape is leveled, in ripe pears have a light yellow base color and a pink integumentary in the form of a blush on one side. The white or creamy pulp is covered with a thin, delicate skin with subcutaneous dots of green and gray colors. The fruits are attached to a sturdy, curved, medium-sized stalk.

Fruits are sweet, with a dessert taste, chemical content:

• pectin - 0.40%;

• sugar - 10.2%;

• dry matter - 14.8%;

• titratable acids - 0.08%;

• ascorbic acid - 10.0 mg / 100g.

Tasters highly appreciate the taste of Dessertnaya Rossoshanskaya pear - from 4 to 5 points out of 5 possible, appearance 4.5 points.

The pear belongs to the autumn varieties, the harvest time is the beginning of September. The consumption period is 78 days, the fruiting is regular.

The variety gives high yields - on average, up to 70 kilograms per tree.

Dessert rossoshanskaya adapted for the Central, Central Black Earth and North Caucasian regions.

Despite the fact that Dessertnaya Rossoshanskaya is considered partially self-fertile, to obtain consistently high yields, pollinating varieties with the same flowering time are needed nearby. These include Rogneda, Severyanka, Osennyaya Yakovleva, Mramornaya, Chizhovskaya, Tatiana, Otradnenskaya and others.

Experts advise transferring the seedlings to a permanent place in the spring, when the summer period is ahead - the tree will have enough time to adapt and build up the root system. It is possible to plant in early autumn only in the southern regions of the country.

For planting, choose sunny places with protection from cold winds and strong drafts. The variety reacts poorly even to partial shading, which must be taken into account when choosing a site. The unpretentiousness of Dessertnaya Rossoshanskaya allows its cultivation on depleted soils, however, a full-fledged fertile soil gives a significant advantage in the development of the plant and future fruiting. Avoid the close occurrence of groundwater, the pit should have a drainage layer and support for tying a fragile stem for the first time.

The pit itself is prepared in advance, about 2 weeks before planting. The soil is enriched with organic matter (humus, compost, bird droppings), complex mineral fertilizers. During transplantation, the roots are gently spread over the surface of the earthen mound, covered with earth, carefully making sure that the root collar remains above the surface. The soil in the near-trunk circle is compacted, an earthen roller is formed to retain moisture and watered with 20-30 liters of water. The next day, it is advisable to mulch the trunk circle. This will help retain moisture and prevent the earth from cracking.

Further care consists in timely watering, the introduction of nutrients, weeding, loosening the near-trunk circle, as well as in preventive sanitary measures and thinning the crown.

Watering for first-year seedlings is of considerable importance, this must be done regularly (1-2 times a week), otherwise the delicate roots will die, however, in the rainy period, natural irrigation will be enough. A 10 cm layer of mulch will help retain moisture in the soil. Young plants need mandatory protection for the winter.

As for fertilizing, it is best to apply organic matter 1 time in 2 years in the fall for digging. The plant needs nitrogen fertilizers in early spring, during the period of growing green mass. At the stage of fruit setting and growth, foliar feeding with bromine is important - 15 grams per 10 liters of water. Pruning old, diseased and extra shoots is required, it is carried out in early spring, when branches that have not survived the winter, extra shoots are clearly visible, and tops are also removed.

Rejuvenating procedures prolong the period of active fruiting of the pear. For this, part of the central trunk and skeletal branches are removed, processing all sections with garden pitch. After 2 years, several more skeletal and semi-skeletal shoots are cut off. Then, at the end of the summer season, the largest branches are bent to the trunk and fixed, while the most powerful ones are left. The entire event takes 2 to 3 years.

Preparing for the harsh winter conditions begins with protecting the trunk from rodents. For trees, it is advisable to whitewash the trunks and part of the lower branches with a mixture of lime, copper sulfate, powder clay at the rate of 2x0.3x1 kg, respectively. Young plants can be covered with a wooden frame, on top of which spruce branches can be laid and fixed on top with a non-woven agricultural cloth.

It is interesting! Most pear varieties turn out to be quite capricious, while mountain ash is not. That is why rowan can be used as a rootstock and get fruits with a unique taste - less sweet, but with the presence of a slight mountain ash astringency.

Despite excellent health and strong immunity, resistance to scab, the variety can be affected by septoria and pests. Preventive treatments with insecticides and fungicides are desirable.

In the areas intended for cultivation, the pear tolerates winters well, but closer to the cold zones of risky farming, its frost resistance is noticeably reduced, for example, in the north of the Voronezh region and in Orel.