Muromets grapes

One of the earliest ripening varieties, which pleases gardeners already in mid-July in the southern regions and in the second half of August in the northern ones, is the high-yielding Muromets grape variety. Reliable and hassle-free, it is very popular with winegrowers.

The authors of the variety are the breeders I.M. Filippenko and L.T. I. V. Michurin. The parent varieties Severny and Pobeda passed on frost resistance and early ripening times, high yield and organoleptic qualities to their offspring. There is not much time left for the variety until its jubilee age of half a century, if we count from the moment of its transfer for variety testing. It was back in 1977, and 11 years later it was entered into the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation.

Muromets in relation to the place of "residence" can be called universal or cosmopolitan, if it can be applied to a plant. The variety has been zoned for the North Caucasian, Nizhnevolzhsky, Ural regions. But the fidget was registered in the garden plots of the Moscow region and the middle zone, South-West, North-West Siberia and almost the entire Far East.

A vigorous table variety of dark purple color, it is very popular with winegrowers due to its ability to grow and bear fruit almost wherever grapes can be grown. Designed for canning and fresh consumption. The bushes have a powerful trunk and shoots 2-3 meters long. The vine is covered with five-, sometimes three-, seven-lobed light green leaves with light veins. The peculiarity of Muromets is the tendency to the lower bifurcation of the main shoots and the appearance of stepchildren.

The variety belongs to very early ripening varieties - it takes 105-115 days from the beginning of bud opening for berries to ripen.

Conical clusters can be both large, up to 500 g, and smaller - from 350 grams. Under ideal weather and agrotechnical conditions, the weight of the brush can reach 1 kg. Medium density avoids damage to the berries during transportation. Unfortunately, the variety is prone to peas, in this case it is better to pull out small berries.

Large oval berries, dark purple in color, sometimes almost black, have a fleshy crispy pulp without aroma. The thin skin is covered with thick prune. The number of seeds ranges from 1 to 4 pieces. Sugar - 178 g / dm³, acidity - 4.4 g / dm³. Fruit weight 4-6 g, size 25x28 mm.

Harmonious, balanced, pleasant taste - sweet, with a slight piquant sourness.

Muromets is famous for its high yields - gardeners remove up to 7 kilograms from one bush, in the southern regions these figures reach 10-15 kilograms from a bush.

To get a consistently good harvest of Muromets in any region, you need to remember the rules for planting and caring for the vine.

The variety does not tolerate highly acidic soil - the pH level is 6–7, that is, there should be slightly acidic and neutral soils. If there is an opportunity for planting on a southern slope, then this will be the ideal option. If not, which is most likely for summer cottages, then a building wall on the sunny side is suitable - the main thing is to provide plants with protection from drafts.

The most correct placement of the bushes will be according to the scheme 1.25-1.5 x 2.5-3 m. A drainage layer of 10-15 cm is poured into pits 80x80x80 cm, breathable soil enriched with organic and mineral fertilizers is laid on top, seedlings are planted. The roots are pre-dipped in a mash made of mullein and clay, then they are spread over the soil surface and covered with earth, after which they are well moistened.

After a few days, the dried soil is loosened and mulched with peat or sawdust, or freshly cut grass. Such measures allow you to retain moisture for a long time and prevent the earth from cracking. In warm climatic zones, planting is carried out in spring or autumn, in northern latitudes - only in spring.

The variety blooms with bisexual flowers, so it does not need additional pollination measures.

Vigorous vigorous bushes with a tendency to pinch need formation and annual pruning. It is important to create the most favorable conditions for airing the vines - the methods depend on the growing conditions. In the southern regions, they use the formation of a double-sided horizontal cordon, as well as cultivation on an arch or on a visor. Experts say that the last two methods give the largest fruits and clusters. Where the grapes cannot winter without shelter, the bole is not used, the bush is formed in a four-, six-arm way. In addition, stepchildren must be removed continuously during the growing season. In the fall, sterile shoots are cut, in the spring - damaged ones. 40–45 eyes are left on the bush, 8–10 on the vine. Excess inflorescences are removed, leaving one on each shoot.

The irrigation regime depends on the climatic zone and weather conditions. In drought conditions, regular irrigation is indispensable, otherwise the berry will be small, and the harvest is weak. In this case, the bushes are plentifully shed in early spring, then during the season once every 2 weeks until the berries begin to soften. After that, watering is stopped until harvesting. Excess moisture is no less harmful than lack of moisture. This situation is dangerous by cracking the fruit. There are no specific watering standards for Muromets, it all depends on the place of growth and seasonal parameters.

Powerful vigorous bushes need additional nutrition, otherwise the bush will be depressed. Muromets is fed with standard complex and narrowly targeted fertilizers. In spring, nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers are needed, phosphorus in summer, potash in autumn. For the winter, once every 3 years, manure is introduced into the trunk circles and sprinkled with humus, compost.

Muromets is characterized by high frost resistance up to –26 degrees, which does not relieve the owners of the need to cover it for the winter in cold areas. Shoots are removed from the trellis, loosely tied, covered with hay, spruce branches, reeds and others. Cover with a film or agrotextile on top, snow is poured in winter.

Grapes have good resistance to mildew (2 points), to mildew (4 points), gray rot. For prevention purposes, spraying with fungicides or a solution of copper sulfate is necessary, as well as the correct formation of the bush, as mentioned above. Good crown ventilation is one way to avoid powdery mildew.

The grapes are well stored for up to several months in cool rooms with high-quality ventilation and no high humidity.