- Authors: Krainov V.N.
- Berry color: red-lilac
- Taste: harmonious
- With bones: Yes
- Ripening period: average
- Ripening period, days: 135
- Frost resistance, ° C: -23
- Bunch weight, g: 1000-2000
- Flower type: bisexual
- Skin: dense
Breeding history
The Ataman grape variety is a merit of the amateur breeder V.N.Krainov. The starting point for the development was the already well-known at that time "Rizamat" and "Talisman". The breeding work was carried out in the Novocherkassk region. It is the local conditions that are best for the targeted cultivation of this variety. Today, other breeders show interest in him no less than winegrowers.
Geography of distribution
As already noted, Ataman is well cultivated in the Novocherkassk region. It is officially zoned in the southern regions of the Russian Federation and in other Black Sea areas. However, average frost resistance can pose problems. Because of her, the cultivation of Ataman in central Russia is impractical. The possibility of withdrawing to the north is completely absent.
Description
Ripening period
The plant belongs to mid-season varieties. The average period for reaching maturity is 135 days after kidney formation. But this time may vary depending on the weather and care measures. Therefore, in specific years, the Ataman will be ready to harvest sooner or later. It is worth considering that some time also passes between planting and bud formation.
Bunches
They are characterized by:
shape, average between the cylinder and the cone;
moderate level of density;
weight from 1 to 2 kg.
Berries
The red-lilac fruit contains seeds. Each of them has 2 or 3 seeds. The oval berry weighs 0.015 - 0.02 kg. Fleshy flesh is hidden under the strong skin. The dimensions of the fruit are at least 32x23, maximum 35x25 mm.
Taste
Feels like the Ataman is quite harmonious and pleasant. The characteristic sweetness is intertwined with a sour note. This combination is perceived as fresh and piquant. The share of sugar in grapes accounts for up to 18%. In this case, the concentration of acid can reach 8 g per 1 cubic meter. dm.
Yield
The total number of fruits is the same as that of Rizamat grapes. An ordinary bush gives 20 - 30 kg of berries. Strong plantings from 15 to 20 years old sometimes yield 50 - 70 kg of grapes.
Growing features
Ataman is distinguished by strong growth. At least 50% of its shoots contain berries. In favorable conditions, this figure reaches 65%. Fruiting index 1 ± 0.1. From 55 to 60 eyes are formed on the bush.
Landing
There are no special requirements for boarding procedures. But it is important to take care of protection against fungal infections from which this variety suffers greatly. Other landing arrangements are completely standard.
Pollination
No significant differences were found from other varieties.
Pruning
In this procedure, 9 or 10 kidneys are most often left behind. The number of eyes on each bush can be 35 - 60. They are guided solely by the purpose of pruning and the condition of the plant. Processing is carried out strictly in the autumn months, after the foliage has fallen off. The best moment is just before the shelter for the cold season.
There is no particular point in pruning the Ataman during the summer months. But sometimes stepchildren and degraded shoots are removed. True - only if because of them the plant can be thickened. Rationing the bush avoids too high a load when a large number of fruits are formed. Refusal from rationing threatens that in the next season the plant will relax, and will not give a harvest at all.
Frost resistance and the need for shelter
A winter shelter should be used anyway. Ataman's resistance to cold is guaranteed only at temperatures not lower than - 23 degrees. It is better to focus on the critical level at all - 20 degrees. The necessary protection is provided by slate and wooden panels. Backfill is ineffective!
Diseases and pests
The main enemy of the variety is oidium. Susceptibility to manifestations of gray rot, mildew is also noted. The main method of protection is preventive treatment with copper sulfate and other similar preparations. Pre-emptive preemption is more effective than combating a developed lesion. The chance of damage from wasps is present, but low.
If the grapes are exposed to any disease or insect, this is always reflected in its appearance.
Storage
Ataman's transportability is quite decent. There are no problems with storage in equipped warehouses either. Under normal conditions, even at home, the fruit can be preserved until the New Years. Part of the harvest can be saved until the arrival of spring. Storage on the bushes and in the assembled state is almost the same.
Review overview
The gardeners' assessments note:
long successful growing cycle;
external beauty of berries;
high tolerance to early frosts;
getting the first harvests in 2 - 3 years.
