Currant Summer resident

Summer resident is a selective plant of early fruiting. Large berries and a high level of productivity have become its hallmarks. The culture bears fruit, practically regardless of climatic conditions. And their high gastronomic value encourages gardeners to grow this wonderful self-fertile variety on their plots.

The copyright holder of the culture was the Siberian Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution All-Russian Research Institute for Breeding Fruit Crops, a group of scientists of which, L. V. Bayanova, T. P. Ogoltsova, S. D. Knyazeva, Zotova S. S. managed to develop a highly productive, unpretentious and self-fertile variety of black currant. The "parents" of the Dachnitsa (Ribes nigrum Dachnitca) are the Bradthorpe and Blueberry Seedlings. The culture is intended for cultivation in the Volga-Vyatka and North-Western regions, in the Urals and the Far East. It has been listed in the State Register since 2004. The plant is universal.

The culture grows in the form of a short, medium-spreading, sparse and compact shrub of a rounded configuration, reaching a height of 120 cm. The main stems and shoots are upright, greenish shades, not pubescent, with a slight sheen. Lignified - medium-sized branches, slightly shiny, gray-brownish color with a brown top. Young ones are of bright green color, shiny, growing quickly, get light brown shades by autumn.

The foliage of the bushes is weak. The leaves are five-lobed, of medium size, greenish, with a dull sheen, corrugated, wrinkled, with a bronze tint in the upper part, folded along the central vein.

The root area is developed, optimally formed, with the main shaft, about 1 m deep in the soil, the fibrous roots are strongly developed in width.

The flowers of the Summer Resident are dark beige, pale. Sepals are medium in size, bent upward. Brushes short, upright, not pubescent.

The culture is self-fertile, the absence of additional pollinating plants has little effect on the quality of fruit production. Up to 13 flowers are usually grouped in one bunch.

Of the advantages of culture, we note:

• large fruit size and high gastronomic score;

• synchronicity of fruit ripening;

• self-fertility;

• frost resistance adapted to moderate growing conditions;

• unpretentiousness;

• compactness;

• the versatility of berries when used;

• high immune capacity;

• shelf life and good portability.

Minuses:

• rapid aging and degeneration of varietal characteristics.

The berries are almost black in color, large in size (up to 2.3 g), round in shape. The skin is not thick, firm, not prone to cracking. The consistency of maroon tones, rich, dense, with a significant amount of medium-sized seeds.

Berries in the phase of biological maturity are reliably held on the stalks and do not fall off for a long time.

In terms of chemical composition, they include: soluble dry compositions - 12.1%, sugars - 9.3%, titratable acids - 2.1%, ascorbic acids - 193.6 mg / 100 g, anthocyanins - 103.8 mg / 100 g, leucoanthocyanins - 190.1 mg / 100 g, catechins - 221.6 mg / 100 g, P-active compounds - 515.5 mg / 100 g.

By taste, the berries are sweet and sour. Tasting score - 4.5.

The berries ripen synchronously around mid-June. The starting process of fruiting falls on the 3rd year of the development of shrubs. According to some expert opinions, peak yields are observed after 5 years. After that, the culture begins to degenerate, the fruits become smaller, the rates of fruiting fall. For these reasons, the bushes must be replaced with younger ones.

The average crop yield is 89.2 c / ha (up to 9 t / ha), 1.4 kg / bush.

The hybrid is characterized by a good level of self-fertility - up to 71%. However, the use of additional pollinating plants allows for higher levels of fruit production.

The culture is planted on the site in the spring, when the soil is fully warmed up (usually in the first decade of May). Planting is also possible in the fall, about 21 days before the onset of possible frosts. This period is enough for the adaptation of plant roots. The preparatory scope of work is carried out at the beginning of September, and the decision is made based on weather conditions.

Bushes take root perfectly on slightly acidic and fertile soils. The planting soil must be well drained, otherwise the roots will begin to rot. Places with high groundwater are not suitable for the Summer Resident. In the lowlands, the crop will not yield a satisfactory harvest. In elevated areas, excessive ultraviolet light can adversely affect the growing season. Frequent irrigation and shading on hot days is important. A suitable option would be the south side behind the wall of the building.

We recommend choosing seedlings according to a number of criteria:

• well-developed roots should not have defects and dry spots;

• bushes should have 2-3 stems with clean and light brownish bark;

• the presence of healthy fruit buds.

For spring events, seedlings are selected with leaves. For autumn planting, seedlings are obtained by dividing the bush, after the foliage has fallen. Before planting, the roots are placed in a solution that stimulates their development for 5 hours.

Next, they begin to prepare the soil mixture from a number of components:

• turf soil and compost (in equal proportions);

• 150 g of potassium sulfate;

• 150 g of phosphate;

• about 2 kg of ash.

The order of further actions:

• prepare a pit 40 cm deep and 55 cm in diameter;

• the landing train is poured into the hole;

• set the bush vertically, carefully distributing the roots;

• cover with soil in such a way that the root collar is above the soil surface at a height of 6 cm;

• the soil is carefully tamped and irrigated abundantly;

• cut the upper part of the bush to 2 fruit buds;

• produce mulching of the near-stem space using organic matter or peat.

The culture is undemanding to the delights of agricultural care, but a number of activities are necessary.

1. During the first year of development, the bushes during the formation of leaves should be fed with organic matter and ammonium nitrate. In the following years, fertilizers are added 2 times: before flowering - phosphates or urea, and during fruiting - potash.

2. Pruning is carried out in the fall - obsolete branches are removed, young shoots are cut from above (into the two upper buds). Frozen places are cut in the spring.

3. The culture does not tolerate drying out of the soil; irrigation is carried out in moderation, but regularly. Before the onset of frost, irrigation is intensified.

The culture is frost-resistant, but to reduce the risk of freezing of the roots, mulching with sawdust, dry foliage, and needles is carried out. In the winter with little snow, the bushes are covered with spruce branches or polyethylene. To scare off rodents, toxic substances are placed between the bushes.

The culture rarely gets sick and is almost never attacked by wreckers.

The summer resident is adapted to low temperatures and, without insulation, can withstand frosts down to -35 degrees Celsius. At lower temperatures, the culture should be mulched - the bushes can hardly restore the frozen parts of the roots. The plant has a low level of drought tolerance. In the absence of irrigation, the berries become smaller, and the development of the plant stops.