Apple tree Solntsedar

Solntsedar - remains a clear leader among summer varieties of apples. These liquid, picturesquely crimson fruits are highly appreciated by experts and amateurs for their excellent taste. Along with this, the main advantage of the variety remains a high level of frost resistance - even northern latitudes are not afraid of it.

Solntsedar was bred by the domestic scientist P.A. The author's goal is to obtain a summer fruitful and frost-resistant crop that grows successfully in the northern regions of the country. The goal was successfully implemented, and the variety was zoned in the Volgo-Vyatka and Ural regions of the country.

The culture is medium-sized, with a broadly oval, densely thickening crown. The main branches, brownish in color, extend from the stem at a steep angle. Young ones are much thinner, with small ringlets, on which, starting from a three-year-old wood, and later from a 2-year old, the process of fruit formation is concentrated.

Slightly thickened shoots, oval cross-section, with short internodes, dark brown shades and moderately pubescent. Leaves are small in size, thickened, moderately shiny, with a noticeable bluish tinge, flat-formed, elongated-rounded configuration. The base of the plate is rounded, the top is tapered. The leaves are slightly pubescent on the reverse side, placed at an angle of 90 degrees to the shoot, the serration of the edges is rounded-serrate, separate leaves with segments and lobes. The leaf petioles are thickened, of medium size, with small awl-shaped stipules.

The flowers are large, saucer-like, white-pinkish. Buds with pinkish tints.

The variety is distinguished by wave ripening of fruits - apples are eaten several times in the season, since they ripen at different times. In the process of aging, at the 40th year of growth and older, apple trees bear fruit periodically. An interesting feature of the variety is that the trees grow productively in polluted conditions, even in cities, close to highways.

Among the main advantages of the variety, we highlight:

• excellent taste properties of apples and their presentation;

• good frost resistance;

• summer type of fruiting;

• excellent yield parameters;

• compactness and small dimensions of trees.

Minuses:

• low resistance to fungal diseases;

• unstable ripening of fruits during ripeness;

• short shelf life of apples;

• the need for replanting pollinating trees to stabilize the degree of fruiting.

Flowering time begins in the second decade of May. Under the condition of effectively past pollination, the ripening period of the fruits lasts from the end of May to the second decade of August and somewhat longer. During this period, the tree especially requires a lot of different minerals and organic fertilizers, so the bulk of all dressings should fall on this time.

Fruiting starts at the 7th year, following the budding. It is a high-yielding species that passes into periodic fruiting during aging.The fruiting period starts in August.

The seedling of Solntsedar is characterized by unstable, but significant fruiting. Fruits weighing 100-150 g grow for 3-4 years of growth.

For small-sized trees, the degree of their yield is unusually high - at a mature age (over 7 years), one tree gives up to 100 kg of fruit. We do not recommend being late with the harvest, since the fruits will soon fall off, and the storage periods are significantly reduced.

Fruits are medium-sized, flattened-oval or wide-rounded, often with barely noticeable ribs. The peel is even, not moist, with a shiny cover and a bluish waxy top. Subcutaneous spots are enlarged, light-colored, clearly visible. The dominant color is light cream. Covering - red-pink, elegant, occupying a significant part of the fruit area, often turning into some pleasant and appetizing blur. The peduncle is not long, thickened. The funnel is medium. The saucer is small, lumpy, the cup is half-open. The sub-cup tube is saccular in shape. The seminal cavities are isolated.

The color of the flesh is white, the flesh is granular, with scarlet veins, with an excellent sweet-sour and slightly tart taste. Chemical composition: dry soluble substances - 12.8 (up to 15.7)%, sugars - 10.2 (up to 12.3)%, titratable acids - 0.86%, ascorbic acids - 11.7 (up to 23.2) mg / 100g, kakheti - 176 (up to 267) mg / 100g.

Solntsedar is unpretentious to the landing sites. It can be planted both in autumn and in spring, but it is better to perform this procedure in early April.

Pruning is usually done in both spring and fall. In the fall, at the end of the fruit harvest, the deformed branches are removed, and in the spring, pruning is performed before the buds open. This procedure is carried out for preventive purposes, to prevent the appearance of diseases arising from excessive moisture in the dense crown.

The sunflower is also grown in the form of a bush. For this purpose, a stem is formed with a height of 15-20 cm, which ultimately leads to the preservation of one central conductor and 5-6 skeletal branches. For this, a number of measures are being implemented:

• the top is removed from a one-year-old seedling;

• from the side shoots, select 3 strong ones and shorten them by 23 buds;

• during the second year of growth at a level slightly above last year, 12 branches are taken and shortened;

• other branches are made shorter by 15.2 cm;

• after reaching the tree up to 2 meters, the central conductor is removed above the upper skeletal branch.

In this case, you should adhere to a number of rules:

• skeletal branches should be placed as far apart as possible;

• the location of the central shoot should be higher than the skeletal branches;

• the branches located above should be shorter than the lower branches.

We do not recommend removing a significant number of branches during one pruning, this will negatively affect the overall development of the tree.

The seedling requires cross-pollination.Therefore, additional planting of pollinating plants is carried out. In this sense, many gardeners prefer the use of Anis Sverdlovsky.

The variety is designed for severe frosts, you cannot do without regular bait - the frozen soil is poor in nutrients. As the trees grow and adapt, the frequency of fertilizing is usually reduced to 1 time per year.

The variety is able to withstand frosts down to -40 degrees. Moreover, even young animals are not additionally insulated. The actual moment is planting seedlings in the sunniest place.

Despite the many advantages of the variety, a significant disadvantage is its low resistance to diseases and pest attacks. Often culture is sick:

• scab;

• powdery mildew;

• fruit rot;

• milky shine.

For this reason, treating trees with special solutions and whitewashing remains an especially relevant topic.