- Taste: sweet with sourness
- Scent: there is
- Fruit weight, g: 140-160
- Fruit size: medium and large
- Yield: high, up to 35 kg
- Frequency of fruiting: annual
- The beginning of fruiting varieties: for 3 years
- Ripening terms: late summer
- Removable maturity: at the beginning of August
- Keeping quality: up to 1 month
A variety of varieties of apple trees allows gardeners to choose an option with different ripeness, ripeness, large-fruitedness. The Chudnoye variety stands out among others for its non-capricious care, good yield, and spectacular appearance.
Breeding history of the variety
The apple tree Chudnoe was bred by domestic breeders. MA Mazunin, a Chelyabinsk scientist, combined the German and Russian varieties - Eliza Ratke and Ural winter. The hybrid variety turned out to be a natural dwarf plant. The goal of the scientists was to develop a variety with excellent fruit storage and good yields.
Description of the variety
The tree of this variety, as already mentioned above, belongs to the dwarf varieties. Therefore, the height of an apple tree rarely exceeds one and a half meters, the maximum tree can reach 2 meters in size. The crown of the Wonderful wide type, slightly flattened, leans towards the ground. The foliage seems to be spreading on the ground.
Features, pros and cons
One of the main features of this variety is good winter hardiness, thanks to which the apple tree can be planted in different regions of the country. In addition, the tree perfectly tolerates winds, you can not be afraid of drafts. Among other advantages of the variety, the following are distinguished:
- large-fruited;
- excellent fruit taste with a pleasant aftertaste;
- early maturity - after 3 years it is already possible to harvest;
- increase in yield every year;
- fruits can be eaten both in natural form and canned;
- taking into account that the apple tree is of a summer type, the shelf life is quite long;
- good immunity to both diseases and pest attacks;
- grows well in wetlands, dries up the soil.
As for the shortcomings, gardeners of any level have not yet identified significant disadvantages. At the same time, there are a number of conditional unpleasant moments that are also worth knowing about:
- does not tolerate drought, therefore, for the southern regions it is suitable with reservations and special agricultural technology;
- the root system is located high, this requires regular fertilization, especially if the soil is not black earth;
- after 10-15 years, the amount of the crop decreases.
Ripening and fruiting
The fruiting type is regular:
- fertile age occurs after 3 years;
- bears fruit in adulthood annually, the systematicity does not change, there are no rest periods.
Ripening of the variety is summer, late ripening, the harvest can be harvested in August. Self-fertility in the variety is partial, the presence of other varieties on the site improves the quality of the fruit. The need for additional varieties is associated only with this feature. Other trees should be planted at a distance of 10 to 120 meters. If there is an apiary nearby, it will be perfect, since honey plants improve the formation of the ovary. As pollinator varieties, it is worth considering Bratchud, Cinnamon striped, Landing, Ranetka and Anise.
Yield
The constant fruiting of this variety provides a yield of at least 35 kg per tree, and the maximum self-fertility increases by about 5 years of life. The quantity and quality of the crop depends on the weather conditions. For example, drought or thickening of the crown will reduce productivity.
Fruits and their taste
One of the main advantages of the Wonderful variety is its large fruit size and excellent taste. The average weight of one fruit varies from 140 to 160 g, sometimes even up to 200 g. The shape of the apples is round, flattened, the fruits are slightly ribbed. The color is green-yellow, if the tree grows in the sun, a slight reddish blush appears. The skin is thin, there are few dots under it.
The fine-grained pulp of this variety is crunchy, juicy, sweet and sour taste. After consumption, the aftertaste remains. As for the composition, the fruits are rich in trace elements, vitamins. Ideal for fresh consumption and making wine, compote, juice.
Growing features
First of all, it is important to plant a tree of this variety correctly, otherwise any agricultural technology will be insufficient. Chudnoye is planted in September or early October, you can do it in the spring - in April. Before planting, the roots must be kept in a wet tissue and do not pull with this procedure, otherwise the adaptive capacity will decrease. The best place for planting is Wonderful - humid, where the water table is high.
The recommended distance between apple trees of this variety is 3 m. A hole is created half a meter deep and 70 cm wide. The sod layer is mixed with humus and introduced to the bottom, at least 10 liters of water is poured in. After that, you can place the seedling, leaving the grafting site 2 cm above the ground. The roots are straightened, sprinkled with earth, a small hill is created.
With regard to agricultural technology, several care measures are important here.
- Moisturizing. The most basic procedure during the season, in the summer, watering is done every 7 days. After irrigation, it is important to loosen the soil, the amount of water is 10 liters per tree. Before wintering, the tree is watered abundantly.
- Top dressing. Another important point is that the apple tree requires chicken droppings or manure twice a season. A two- or three-year-old tree needs mineral feeding - with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.
- Pruning. In the first year of life, a crown is formed in the lower tier, then the procedure is postponed until the fruiting period. Every year it is necessary to carry out sanitary pruning - to remove dry, damaged shoots. In the fall, branches are still removed, which grow at an angle of an acute type.
Frost resistance
The Chudnoye variety perfectly tolerates even severe frosts - this is one of the main advantages of the variety.The tree survives cold temperatures down to -35 ° С without any special losses. Also, the apple tree is not particularly sensitive to return frosts in the spring, it is not harmed by temperature changes.
The apple tree grows well in regions with a sharply continental climate. But to increase the productivity of the fruit tree, to increase the period of its active life, shelter for the winter in especially harsh regions will help. If the winter is long and frosts are kept at a high level for a long time, it is worth mulching the soil. And during the winter, sprinkle the trunk with snow.
Diseases and pests
Despite the high immunity to diseases typical of the apple tree, Chudnoye can be seriously affected by the invasion of bark beetles and scale insects. These pests destroy the bark, and it is problematic to remove them. Aphids can greatly undermine the health of an apple tree. Insects that damage buds, buds, foliage are also dangerous, but the scale of damage in this case is less significant. To combat parasite attacks, the following methods are used:
- treatment with urea or copper sulfate;
- two-time whitewashing of the tree per season;
- regular cleansing of the bark from insects;
- removal and burning of damaged foliage;
- insecticide treatment for bark beetles;
- digging of the near-trunk zone in the fall, so as not to allow insects to lie down for the winter;
- burning fallen leaves;
- regular cleaning of the trunk circle from leaves, debris, weeds;
- preventive spraying with copper, iron, Bordeaux liquid.
These measures will help you prevent the most dangerous pest problems. Treating and getting rid of insects is always more difficult than prevention.
The apple tree is a popular fruit crop among gardeners. It can be found in many summer cottages. But at the same time, such trees are often affected by various diseases. It is very important to recognize the disease in time and carry out the necessary procedures for a speedy recovery. Otherwise, the fruits will be spoiled, and the tree itself may die altogether.
