Apple tree early

The apple variety Red Early is considered to be in high demand in the southern regions. Differs in unpretentiousness, high rates of drought resistance. The compact apple tree belongs to the summer species, gives small bright apples that have a great taste.

The Krasnoe early variety was created on the basis of the All-Russian Research Institute named after V.I. IV Michurin by a group of scientists: G. Lobanov, Z. Ivanova, V. Zaets. Summer varieties Vesna and Melba were taken for crossing, resulting in a fast-growing summer hybrid with an early ripening period.

The apple tree is considered to be weather resistant and highly adaptable. It belongs to medium-sized varieties, it grows to a maximum of 5 m. The rounded shape of the crown requires pruning, over time it becomes spreading and can reach 3 meters in diameter. The branches extend from the trunk at almost right angles. The bark is brown with a yellowish tinge. Branches are straight, short, covered with bark and slightly pubescent. The deposition is high. The leaves are oblong, light green, medium in size with small denticles at the edges. The leaf surface is flat, pubescent, the petiole is long colored. Begins to bear fruit at the age of 4-5 years. The type of fruiting is mixed - the fruits are tied on ringlets, spears and annual growths.

Variety Red early is recommended for cultivation in regions where summers are hot and dry. It copes well with long periods of drought and high temperatures. It is more difficult to take root in cold climates. Does not need extraneous pollinators, self-pollinated. Regular pruning is required to thin out the dense branches of the crown. Older apple trees bear smaller fruits.

Ideal for growing in small garden plots, used to create landscape compositions.

Among the advantages are called:

• compactness and decorative appearance;

• high renal awakening;

• self-pollination;

• early ripening;

• drought tolerance;

• early maturity;

• yield;

• average disease resistance.

Less disadvantages:

• low winter hardiness;

• thickened crown;

• small size of apples;

• crumbles when ripe;

• short shelf life (2-3 weeks).

Differs in stable and regular fruiting. The crop can be harvested in 2-3 decades of July. Ripens one of the first, belongs to the early summer varieties.

Suitable for temperate continental climates, it is recommended for planting in the Lower Volga and Central Black Earth regions. Red early bears fruit successfully in the Moscow region and in the Volga region, but the yield is slightly lower than in the south. There are known cases of cultivation in the Leningrad region, the yield is characterized as average in terms of indicators.

About 27 kg of apples are harvested from one adult tree. The fruits ripen gradually, that is, they will have to be removed from the branches in several stages. Overripe apples that have not been harvested on time are crumbled. Apples ripen from late July to autumn.

They have a rounded or shortened conical shape.The color of apples is yellow, the skin is bright red interspersed with green or yellow. The weight of one apple is 90-120 g. The skin is thin, smooth, densely covered with a waxy bloom, underneath is a loose light yellow pulp, sometimes of a reddish hue. The consistency of the pulp is tender, slightly dense, juicy and aromatic. Dessert pleasant sweet-sour taste with a predominance of sweetness. Tasting score 4.4 on a five-point scale, appearance score 4.5 points. 100 g of pulp contains: sugar - 10.7%, titrated acids - 0.58%, ascorbic acid (vitamin C) - 12.5 mg.

Trees are planted in the spring before the buds swell or in the fall before the onset of cold weather. The landing site is sunny, open, flat. It prefers loose, nutritious soils with neutral acidity: loam and black soil. The groundwater level should not rise above 1.5 m from the surface. An interval of 4-5 m is made between seedlings, 3-4 m between rows. A pit 90 cm deep is prepared. The earth is loosened and fertilized. After planting, watered - 20 liters.

Watering is carried out 2 times a week, in hot climates 3-4 times. Necessarily - during flowering, setting and ripening of fruits. The apple tree loves loose and moist soil.

Molding pruning is mandatory for young trees. A three-tiered crown formation system is recommended.

Traditionally, sanitary pruning is done during the season. In the spring, before the onset of awakening, dry branches are cut off, the crown is thinned out, which tends to overgrow in the central part, and the places of pruning and damage are lubricated with a special composition. In the fall, weak and damaged branches are pruned, the trunk is whitened, the trunk circle is insulated with mulch, the trunk and branches in areas with cold winters are wrapped in breathable material.

Flowering begins 3-4 years after planting. The flowers are medium-sized white. The petals are rounded, the pistil is located at the same level with the stamens. The formation of inflorescences occurs in the third decade of May and lasts until the beginning of June. Plants of one variety are enough for pollination; they are self-pollinated.

Held regularly. Young trees are fertilized at least twice a season. Mature fruit trees are fed in spring, early summer, and after harvest. It is recommended to alternate organic matter and mineral fertilizers.

It is characterized by average winter hardiness. Freezes by 1-1.5 points in cold winters. For the winter, the space around the trunk and in the root zone must be covered with foliage. It is noted that after the cold winters of 2005-2006 and 2009-2010. trees of this variety bore abundantly.

The apple tree has an average resistance to a number of diseases. It is affected by scab, powdery mildew, fruit rot, cytosporosis and apple crayfish. From the scab it is sprayed with the "Hom" remedy until the buds open, and before the beginning of flowering, with copper sulfate. Powdery mildew is treated with Skor and Topaz preparations. From apple crayfish - the affected areas are removed, then treated with Bordeaux liquid. With fruit rot, diseased apples are harvested and destroyed.

Among insects, the main pests are: green aphid, leafworm, moth, apple moth. They are sprayed with solutions of karbofos or chlorophos: 2 weeks after flowering, after 3 weeks, the treatment is carried out again. In autumn, tree trunks are whitewashed.

To prevent rodents, a plastic net is placed around the trees, sprayed with copper sulfate or Bordeaux liquid.

Gardeners speak positively about the taste of apples, many like the early fruiting dates when other varieties are just poured.

There is a successful experience of growing Red early in the suburbs: it winters well, but requires protection from pests and diseases. Celebrate the beautiful appearance of trees in any season. I really like juice and compotes from apples of this variety. According to some, small apples seem to be made for children: they harvest the harvest themselves and eat it right away.