- Authors: All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Genetics and Breeding of Fruit Plants. I. V. Michurin. S. F. Chernenko
- Taste: sweet and sour
- Scent: strong
- Fruit weight, g: 120-140
- Fruit size: small and medium
- Ripening terms: early summer
- Removable maturity: late July - early August
- Appointment: fresh
- Growing regions: Central, Middle Volga
- Appeared when crossing: Anise velvet x Papier
You don't need to have a large plot to grow delicious apples. It is much more important to choose a variety and familiarize yourself with the breeding rules. July Chernenko is a wonderful, unpretentious option that is worth paying attention to.
Breeding history of the variety
The variety appeared thanks to the painstaking work of the All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics and Breeding of Fruit Plants. For crossing were taken:
Velvet anise;
Folding.
Description of the variety
Full crown formation occurs several years after planting. It becomes oval-conical, while the young tree is rare.
Large foliage has an oblong shape, a dark green tint. There is a barely noticeable serration.
On the branches there is a strong pubescence, the internodes are short. The shoots look the same.
The height of the tree is maximum 5 meters. The life cycle is 35 years. The older the apple tree, the smaller the apples grow on it, therefore it is recommended to carry out anti-aging pruning.
Features, pros and cons
Among the advantages, one can single out early ripening and large, juicy fruits of a wonderful presentation.
Among the disadvantages is the need for regular pruning.
Ripening and fruiting
Iyulskoe Chernenko is an early summer variety, its maturity occurs in late July - early August.
Growing regions
Most often, you can find an apple tree in the Central and Middle Volga regions.
Yield
One tree can produce up to 50 kilograms of fruit.
Fruits and their taste
July Chernenko is a fast-growing apple tree. The fruits are consumed fresh.
The apples are light green in color; the surface has a pronounced crimson blush.
The fruit has subtle ribs, rounded-conical shape. Weight from 120 to 140 grams.
Like most apples, the taste is sweet with a slight sourness, but there is a strong aroma.
Growing features
Spring planting is recommended in the central and northern regions. Autumn planting can also be successful, but only in areas where autumn and winter weather is usually milder and wetter.
Like most fruits, this variety grows best in the sun. The best place is the north side, a hillock.
Apple trees need well-drained soil. Light to medium textured soils work best. With high humidity, Iyulskoe Chernenko suffers from rot.
Apple trees are planted at a distance of at least 2 meters from each other, so that air circulates normally between the crowns, and the leaves can quickly dry out after rain.
You cannot plant seedlings in the lowlands. The so-called frost pocket is detrimental to the general condition of the tree. And also do not plant these trees next to wooded areas or taller plants that provide more shade.
The ideal soil pH is 6.0 to 6.5, but 5.5 to 7.0 is also suitable.
Young plantings are watered regularly to ensure good root development. The mulch is periodically renewed, but it is removed in autumn so that the mice do not nest and do not eat the bark.
Pest control measures are an important part of grooming. The correct time for preventive treatment is critical, otherwise you can harm pollinators - bees. When using pesticides, the correct time is chosen at the stage of flower and fetus development, and not according to the calendar.
Pollination
Most apples need pollen from another apple tree to bear fruit. This is called cross-pollination. The second tree should be of a different variety, but bloom at the same time. The presence of bees is very important, poor pollination can reduce the number of fruits and cause them to deform. Experts even advise you to rent for a while or put your own bee hives in the garden.
For Yulsky Chernenko, the following varieties are considered the main pollinators: White filling, Quinti, Grushovka Moskovskaya.
Frost resistance
The described variety has high frost resistance.
Diseases and pests
Julskoe Chernenko is not resistant to scab, so treatment is indispensable. Since this disease is very difficult to control, and it is very important to eliminate the spores that will continue to infect the tree, the gardener must apply fungicides. Be sure to choose the ones that are labeled specifically for fruit trees.
A less toxic option is garden oils such as jojoba, neem, and branded apple sprays.
Classic fungicides used against apple scab, such as styrene inhibitors, are very effective against powdery mildew if you are growing Julskoe Chernenko. These include miclobutanil and fenbuconazole.
Since the fungus hibernates inside the buds, you need to start cultivating the tree early in the season before flowers appear.Be sure to repeat spraying after 2-3 weeks until new shoots stop growing.
And also be sure to continue to carry out processing, even if the weather becomes dry. Unlike most other foliar pathogens, powdery mildew continues to grow and spore production in this weather.
With Yulsky Chernenko, preventive treatment also plays an important role. Sulfur fungicides should be used before the first symptoms of infection appear.
A good option is a Bordeaux mixture, copper sulfate and lime. This combination is very effective against powdery mildew. You can buy a prepackaged product at a specialty store.
The apple tree is a popular fruit crop among gardeners. It can be found in many summer cottages. But at the same time, such trees are often affected by various diseases. It is very important to recognize the disease in time and carry out the necessary procedures for a speedy recovery. Otherwise, the fruits will be spoiled, and the tree itself may die altogether.
