- Authors: Far Eastern Research Institute of Agriculture, A. V. Bolonyaev
- Taste: sour-sweet with light astringency
- Fruit weight, g: 50-130
- Fruit size: small
- Yield: at the age of 5 years harvest - 7-8 kg, 8 years - 28.6 kg, 10 years -52.6 kg
- Frequency of fruiting: annual
- The beginning of fruiting varieties: for 3-4 years of scion life, mass - for 6-8 years
- Ripening terms: summer
- Removable maturity: in the second half of August
- Keeping quality: up to 20 days, in storage with refrigeration units up to 40 days or more
An apple tree with a telling name Aboriginal is rightfully recognized as the best crop variety for cultivation in the Far East region and Siberia. This unusual plant will be discussed.
Breeding history of the variety
This apple variety appeared on the basis of the Far Eastern Research Institute of Agriculture. The work on hybridization was carried out by a well-known scientist, laureate of the USSR State Prize A.V.Bolonyaev. He crossed the varieties Rebristy and Avgustovsky Far East. As a result, a Far Eastern variety was born, which is one of the best in this group. Included in the state register in 1974.
Description of the variety
The crown of the Aboriginal apple tree is rounded-oblong. The leaves are quite large, wrinkled. The foliage is dark green, but the back is light green. The leaves have pubescence, convex veins. Skeletal branches are sparse, growing at a 90-degree slope. They are overgrown with numerous branches. The bark is gray-brown. It has slightly curved shoots of dark brown color. The flowers are large, slightly pubescent, the pedicel is low.
Features, pros and cons
This unusual variety is a so-called semi-crop, that is, it appeared as a result of hybridization of a ranetka and an apple tree with large fruits. Therefore, the Aboriginal's apples turned out to be smaller than those of a simple apple tree, but larger than those of the ranetki. However, this fact is compensated by the numerous advantages of the Aboriginal. The apple tree is absolutely unpretentious, easily tolerates the complexities of the harsh climate, grows rather quickly, is resistant to a large number of diseases, and is practically not affected by scab. Aboriginal is a very healthy, beautiful and strong plant. Differs in frost resistance and excellent immunity.
The disadvantages of the Aboriginal apple tree include a short shelf life for apples, which, however, is typical for other summer subspecies.
Thus, the culture has a rather large list of pluses:
- a fairly high indicator of frost resistance;
- high resistance to moniliosis and scab;
- excellent appearance of apples;
- simple care, unpretentious culture.
It is impossible not to say about the shortcomings:
- short shelf life of fruits;
- the fragility of the tree itself;
- sourness that is felt in the taste.
Ripening and fruiting
Apple tree Aboriginal begins to bear fruit in 3-4 years of growth, and reaches the maximum yield at 7-8 years of age. It belongs to the summer group of varieties. Harvesting maturity is observed after August 15th.
The frequency of fruiting is annual.
Growing regions
The aborigine is zoned for the eastern regions of Russia: Primorsky Territory, southern regions of Khabarovsk Territory, Jewish Autonomous Region, as well as Amur Region, Sakhalin and the Far East region.
Yield
As for the yield of the Aboriginal, at the age of 5 it usually reaches 7-8 kg, at 8 years - 28.6, and after 10 years you can collect and 52.6 kilograms of apples from the tree.
Fruits and their taste
As already mentioned, the fruits of the Aboriginal are small, even small, weighing from 50 to 130 grams.The apples are round and slightly elongated in shape. The skin is light yellow, there is a blurry or striped blush of bright red color. The fruits are distinguished by a sweet and sour taste with a slight astringency. They do not differ in juiciness. Therefore, they are not suitable for making juice from them.
Growing features
Plants are very unpretentious to care for. Given the good winter hardiness and immunity to various kinds of diseases, you can get a good harvest on your site without too much effort, and also in not the most favorable weather and climatic conditions.
Planting is best done in spring, after the ground thaws and the snow melts, and the air temperature does not drop below +10 degrees Celsius. They choose penumbra and sunny areas for seedlings. The soil should not be highly acidic, but if there is no choice, it is deoxidized by adding dolomite flour or chalk. Before planting, the land should be fertilized with organic matter: manure or humus. For the first two months, the seedling must be watered every week. Apple trees that have reached maturity are watered three times a season: early summer, period of fruit ovary, autumn.
Pollination
Aboriginal is the apple variety that is only partially self-fertile. Therefore, he needs pollinating varieties, which can be the Amur Yield or the August Far East.
Diseases and pests
Among the many positive qualities of the Aboriginal apple tree, the main one can be considered a rather strong immunity to such dangerous diseases as scab, as well as moniliosis (monilial burn), the causative agent of which is a fungus.
The apple tree is a popular fruit crop among gardeners. It can be found in many summer cottages. But at the same time, such trees are often affected by various diseases. It is very important to recognize the disease in time and carry out the necessary procedures for a speedy recovery. Otherwise, the fruits will be spoiled, and the tree itself may die altogether.
Review overview
There are reviews about the Aboriginal apple tree variety, but there are not many of them, since the cultivation region is not so large. At the same time, gardeners are pleased with the high frost resistance, as well as the unpretentiousness of the plants. True, the taste of the apples themselves, which is distinguished by a high proportion of acid and low juiciness, is not to everyone's liking.
