Cherry Volochaevka

The Volochaevka variety is a fruitful self-fertile species that begins to give a good harvest as early as 5 years old. It has a high immunity to the main diseases of fruit and berry crops, especially to coccomycosis. Berries are consumed fresh, compotes, liqueurs, confitures, preserves, syrups are prepared. The tree can be used to create landscape compositions.

The variety was created on the basis of the All-Russian Selection and Technological Institute of Horticulture and Nursery under the leadership of A.I. Evstratov as a result of the cross-pollination of the varieties Lyubskaya and Vladimirskaya. Included in the State Register in 1997.

The tree is medium-sized, 3-3.5 m high, with a spherical rather dense crown, well leafy. Shoots are short, straight, brown, leaves are medium-sized, ovoid, smooth, dull, with a crenate edge, dark green. It blooms in May, depending on the region, it starts flowering at different times. Life expectancy is 15 to 20 years.

Berries are medium to large in size, weighing 2.7-4 g, round, dark red. The pulp is juicy and dense with a characteristic aroma, the stone is small, easily detachable.

Sweet and sour taste, sugar content - 10%, fruit acid - 1.4%, ascorbic acid - 220 mg / l. Tasting score 4.7 points.

The plant begins to bear fruit 4-5 after planting. It belongs to the mid-ripening species in terms of ripening, the berries ripen in the second half of July, in warm regions - in early July.

Up to 12-15 kg are removed from one tree. A five-year-old tree can carry up to 10 kg.

The variety is recommended for planting in the Central region of the Russian Federation, grows well in central Russia.

Self-fertile, does not need additional pollinators.

The best time to land in the ground is April. In October, can only be planted in climates with mild winters. They choose a bright place on the south or southeast side, on a slope. The tree grows well in partial shade, but the berries will taste more sour. Drainage must be organized, fertile soil is poured into the pit with the addition of sand, humus and complex fertilizers.

If the groundwater is closer than 1.5 m, the seedling is placed on the embankment. An interval of 3.5 m is left between seedlings and other trees. Planting a seedling for this variety is the same as for other varieties of cherry. After planting, watered with 2 buckets of water, mulched with organic substrates.

This is an unpretentious plant that does not require watering. Irrigation is carried out at least 3 times per season: after flowering, during the formation of berries, in early autumn. A mature tree takes about 2-3 buckets of water. After watering, the soil is loosened, weeds are removed. Additional watering is carried out during a drought or when applying liquid dressings.

They begin to feed with the onset of fruiting. This is done 2 times per season: 1st time during flowering, 2nd time during the period of fruit formation. In the spring it is fertilized with urea, during the formation of fruits, superphosphate and potassium sulfate are added. It is better to alternate urea with ammophos after a year. During autumn digging, 20 kg of compost are fertilized. After 7 years, organic fertilizers are fed once every 4 years, mineral fertilizers can be fertilized a little every year.

The crown requires shaping, thinning and sanitary pruning. A crown is formed in the shape of a ball, in addition, branches that greatly thicken the crown are removed. In spring and autumn, sick, broken and weak shoots are cut off.

The variety is suitable for planting in small garden areas, as it does not require replanting of other types of cherries.

Volochaevka has an average immunity to the main diseases of cherry: moniliosis, anthracnose, perforated spot. It is especially resistant to coccomycosis. In rainy years, plants can be affected by this disease, but after medical treatments they quickly recover. Biological products are used against all fungal diseases: a mixture of "Trichodermin" and "Baxis" 1: 1. Treatment is carried out in the summer after the temperature drops to + 12-15 degrees.

Of insects, aphids, weevils, slimy sawflies, moths can attack. For pests, a 5% urea solution is used in autumn and early spring. With the appearance of flowers, every 25 days they are treated with Fitoverm or Akarin.

The plant has a tendency to gum flow. The resin clots are removed with a sharp blade, the place of damage is treated with lime or copper sulfate, and covered with petrolatum.

The winter hardiness of the variety is very good, withstands frosts down to -25 degrees, with a decrease to -30, fruit buds can be damaged. In areas with cold winters, the root area is covered with a layer of mulch, the trunk is wrapped with a hard dense material, if it becomes very cold, an agrospan is pulled on top.

The variety is drought-resistant, average heat resistance. It grows on any type of soil: sand is added to clay, humus and organic mixtures are added to poor ones. Optimum - fertile sandy loam substrates of neutral acidity.

Gardeners consider Volochaevka cherry one of the most reliable varieties; it winters well without additional shelter and pleases with regular harvests. It is noted that it is better not to add fertilizer to the tree - this stimulates productivity. With regular professional treatments, cherries are not affected by any diseases. It is considered an ideal option for the Moscow region.